An alkaloid, obtained from Atropa belladonna.

Formula

, C17H23 NO3

Preparation , Triturations. (Most of the poison-symptoms were obtained from the sulphate of Atropine.)

Authorities.

1 , Eidherr, A. H. Z., 60, 11 et seq . (proved 3d and 4th trits.); 2 , W. S. Moffatt, Hale's provings, Trans. of Hom. Med. Soc. of N. Y., 6, 83 (proved the 2d dec. trit.); 3 , C. S. Fahnenstock, ibid. (1st dec. trit.); 4 , C. H. Chamberlin, ibid. (1st dec. trit.); 5 , J. M. Smith, ibid. (1st dec. trit.); 6 , Shroff, Lehr. d. Pharm. (took .005 gramme); 7 , Kafka, A. H. Z., 52, 178 (took 1/60 grain); 8 , Harley, Old Veg. Neurotics (effects from subcutaneous injection of 1/160 to 1/20 gr.); 9 , Lusanna, A. H. Z., 55, 157 (general statement of effects); 10 , Homan (took part of solution 2 grs. to 1 oz.), (prepared for the eye), N. A. J. of Hom., 1, 115 (N. Y. J. of Med.); 11 , Sharpey, Mon. Hom. Rev., 18, 39, from Lancet (took a sol. of Atrop. by mistake); 12 , Blackley, M. Hom. Rev., 17, 481 (Rose E. took a teaspoonful of a lotion, 2 grs. to 1 oz.); 13 , Andrew, Ed. Med. J., 1852 (girl 21 years took 2/3 gr.); 14 , Piffingskold, A. H. Z., 54, 180 (took 6 drops of a sol., 5 grs. to 1 oz.); 15 , Holthouse, A. H. Z., M. Bl., 1, 38 (child took 1/2 gr.); 16 , A. H. Z., M. Bl., 11, 59 (child took a sol., 1/2 gr. to 1 oz.); 17 , Weil, A. H. Z., 1873 (Effects of Atrop. on conjunctiva); 18 , Virch. Arch., 49, 450 (1/2 gr. in sol.); , Virch. Arch., 48 (Effects of instillation into eye); , Chittenden, Med. Invest., 11, 478 (Effects from applying a sol. of 1 gr. to 1/2 dr. of water to a hollow tooth); , Hughes, poisoning of a boy 3 1/2 years old, by a solution of 1/2 gr. of Atropia, B. J. of Hom., v. 20; , Grandi, in Pereira, Experiments with Atropine, 1/16 to 1 gr. (see Hughes's Monograph on Belladonna); , Leach, Med. Times, 1865 (from Hughes); , Am. Journ. Hom. Mat. Med., Nov., 1872, from Atropia, gr. 1/200, bisquater die, in a case of ulcer of stomach in a man of 40 (from Hughes); , Rose, Brit. Journ. of Hom., 27, 225 (from Hughes); , Pereira, Elem. of Mat. Med., 4th ed., London, 1855 (from Hughes); , Trousseau and Pidoux (from Hughes); , Practitioner, 4, 372 (from Hughes); , Ringer, in Practitioner, vol. 9 (from Hughes).

MIND. Emotional.

Frenzied with excitement, 20.
A long chill, followed by delirium, which had some resemblance to the subdelirium of certain typhoid fevers, 19.
Immediately upon closing the eyes, after retiring the mind would become filled with strange and fanciful ideas, rambling, incoherent speech, spectral illusions, with frequent fits of wild, uncontrollable laughter. The delirium and spectral illusions continued through the night, during which time I fancied myself afflicted with epilepsy, and was constantly fearful lest others should discover my unfortunate condition; was nearly oblivious to all that transpired during the latter part of the night, but know from the bruises received and the sensations of pain occasionally experienced upon coming in contact with a stove, chair, table or some solid body, that it was passed in the wildest delirium (first day), 2.
Busily influenced by pleasing illusions and delusions, meddling with everything in his way, picking at and handling imaginary objects in the air, and accompanying his acts by muttering and smiling, or with loud chattering, interrupted by subdued laughter, 8.
Frightful phantasies, 15.
Spectral illusions (first night), 4.
On lying in bed, began to pick at specks and at the air, 15.
Picking at the bedclothes as if searching for something lost, with confused mutterings (first night), 4.
At times, while it seemed to him that he was fully conscious, saw persons at the bedside and slowly reached out to grasp them, but his hand would pass through the object and no sense of touch tell him that there was any material in the apparition; saw books and newspapers and tried to grasp them, but they would either recede or the hand would come in contact with them and feel nothing, 4. [10.]
Mind has been wandering considerable of the time through the afternoon; often thinks he is spoken to and answers imaginary questions (after ten hours), 3.
The symptoms during this period, six to nine hours after, exactly resembled those of delirium tremens. There was incessant rambling, great restlessness, a grasping at imaginary objects, and occasional screaming from fright. The character of the delirium varied; sometimes the child saw objects with frightened him, and the utmost terror was depicted on his countenance, and he clung to his nurse's neck, or threw himself violently in different directions as if to escape them. Later, the delusions were of a more pleasurable kind, imaginary playing with toys, drawing, eating, etc., 21.
Frequently, through the forenoon, thought that persons in the room spoke to me, and would carry on conversation with these imaginary beings (second day), .

HEAD

Confusion and Vertigo.
Head feels dull and unpleasant (after eleven hours), 2.
Dull sensation in the head, with feeling as if his hair had become matted into a thick felt (first day), 18. [70.]
Head very much confused; could be held up with difficulty, 1.
Head confused, as after a disturbed night; relieved on going into the open air (morning, second day), 1.
Dizzy confusion of the head, evenings, alternating with vivid phantasies; great fatigue of the whole body, and at times ringing in the ears, 1.
Some vertigo (after one hour), 3.
Some vertigo (after three hours), 3.
Considerable vertigo (after seven hours), 5.
Vertigo, in consequence of which I was obliged to lie down, 2.
Vertigo at intervals, lasting but a moment at a time (after one hour), 5.
Vertigo caused by turning the head quickly (after one hour), 5.
Considerable vertigo, particularly upon turning the head suddenly (after half an hour), 4. [80.]
Vertigo and confusion of the head, on waking, which increased on rising; vertigo so that he came near falling, 1.
Vertigo on rising in the morning, so that it became dark before his eyes, 1.
Has had slight vertigo at intervals during the forenoon (second day), 4.
Slight vertigo and pressure in the temples with little or no pain (after a quarter of an hour), 4.
Awoke very dizzy; cannot walk across the floor, but staggers towards objects for support (after three hours), 3.
Giddiness, 8.
Giddiness, heaviness, drowsiness, or actual sleep, with great tendency to dreamy delirium, and, in women, slight occasional startings (from 1/48 grain), 8.
Awoke still feeling quite dizzy (second day), 3.
Continued giddy, but walked steadily, though slowly and cautiously, 8.
Dizziness upon moving the head suddenly (after eleven hours), 2. [90.]
Dizziness upon moving the head quickly (second day), 2.

ATROPINUM. EYES

In General.
Strange appearance of the eyes, as though projected from their sockets (after one and a half hours), 20.
Eyes appear fixed and glassy (first day), 2.
Eyes look glassy and congested (after one hour), 3.
Glittering, excited eyes, 15.
Eyes restless (after one hour), 8.
Eyes move restlessly hither and thither (ordinarily, his look is not steady), 18.
Simple inflammatory swelling of the mucous membrane, with muco-purulent secretion, often accompanied by swelling of the lachrymal sac, occasionally with less swelling, but more marked hyperæmia and flow of tears, 17.
Eyes considerably congested, but the pupils have scarcely commenced to dilate (after one hour), 5.
Eyes feel wearied (second day), 2. [130.]
Considerable pain and lachrymation, 17.
Slight pain in the eyes continued for about two hours, accompanied part of the time by an unpleasant sensation of fulness and pressure in the anterior part of the head, making me restless and uneasy, 2.
Eyes feel swollen, and pain in the eyes and temples slightly increased with each pulsation of the heart (after twelve hours), 4.
Dull pain in the eyes and head, 2.
Dull pain in the eyes, and slight pain in the temples (after one hour), 1.
Deepseated dull pain in the back part of the eye (after ten minutes), 3.
Eyes and lids feel sore to the touch (after nine hours), 5.
Brow, Lids, Etc.
Sharp pain under the right eye, with slight pain in the temples (after four hours), 2.*
Neuralgic pains, commencing under the left orbit, and running back to the ear, lasting perhaps ten minutes at a time, and then disappearing for fifteen or twenty; these have been noticed for several hours (second day), 3.*
Redness and excoriation of the skin of the eyelids, 17. [140.]
Eyelids swollen (after one hour), 3.
; yet she had no inclination to sleep, .*

EARS

Throughout the succeeding night the hearing and sight were morbidly sensitive, 8.
At night, when the eyes were closed, though not sound asleep, he heard every noise and every voice in the room and yard, 1.
Exquisite sensibility of hearing, and frequent illusions of this sense also, 8. [200.]
His attention cannot be attracted without speaking loudly to him, 11.
Perceptions of noise, tinkling sounds as of bells, etc., 22.
Some roaring in ears, 7.
Illusions of hearing, ringing, roaring, etc., 9.

NOSE

Mucous membrane of the nose dry (after one hour), 3.
Dryness of the mucous membrane of the nose and eye, 8.
The dryness (of the throat) very often extends to the mucous membrane of the lower passage of the nares, 8.
He sneezed and rubbed his nose frequently, 21.

FACE

Expression of mania, 15, 21.
Looks and acts as if he had been on a "spree" (after seven hours), 5. [210.]
Pale, slightly sweating face, 7.
Flushing of the face, 8.
Face flushed (after one hour), 8.
Flushed face; burning in the face (after a quarter of an hour), 4.
Face slightly red, 13.
*Face hot and very red, 20.
Face red, with white spots, 15.
*Twitching of the facial muscles, especially around the mouth and lids, 13.
Only the reddened face is warmer than the rest of the body, 18.
Parched state of the lips, 8.
Mucous membrane of the lips dry and parched; water affords no relief (after two hours), 2.

MOUTH

Teeth and Tongue. [220.]
Teeth and lips dry, and covered with sordes, 11.
Teeth feel "on edge" (first day), 2.
Tongue slightly coated white (second day), 3.
Tongue thickly coated with whitish mucus (after one hour), 3.
Tongue thickly coated with a dirty gray fur (second day), 11.
Tongue coated whitish on margins, and yellow in middle, 18.
Tip and edges of the tongue light red; tongue trembles when protruded from the mouth (after one hour), 5.
Anterior part of the tongue or whole of the dorsum, excepting a wide margin, will be found dry, brown, and rough, 8.
The mucous layer of the tongue becomes completely dry, brown, and hard (1/40 grain), 8.
Tongue trembles when protruded (after three hours), 3. [230.]
When asked to protrude the tongue he does it with difficulty, and only after considerable effort; cannot move the tongue about in the mouth at will, 3.
The tongue (shown one when desired), was protruded with difficulty and incompletely, 18.
Tongue thick, cannot articulate distinctly (first night), 4.
The tongue and other muscles assisting in speech were difficult to move, 18.
Tongue seemed partially paralyzed, 20.
Tongue moist, coated whitish-yellow (second day), 18.
Tongue dry and furred (after forty-eight hours), 8.
Dorsum of tongue dry an parched, and the entire roof of the mouth and velum palati dry and glazed, 8. [240.]
Complete dryness of the tongue, roof of the mouth, and soft palate, extending more or less down the pharynx and larynx, rendering the voice husky, and often inducing dry cough and difficult deglutition, 8.
Dryness of tongue and fauces (immediately), 3.
Mouth.
The mouth opens but little; masticator muscles rigid, 18.
Thick, viscid, or slimy mucus in the mouth, 3.

THROAT

Slight throbbing or heaving sensation in the carotids, 8.
Mucous membrane of the throat slightly darker than in health, and presents a mottled appearance (second day), 3.
Constant choking in the throat, which was soon followed by an almost complete inability to swallow, with a feeling as if seized by the throat, 1.
In a few minutes a feeling of dryness in the throat, causing constant inclination to cough, 2.
On the third day he complained of sore throat, and inability to pass his water, 10.
Intense feeling of dryness in the throat, which abated toward morning, 11.
Shortly after taking the drug, a sensation of dryness in the throat, 2. [290.]
Dryness of the throat and feeling of pressure in the anterior and superior cerebral regions, 2.
Great dryness of throat and mouth (twenty to forty minutes), 8.
Violent burning in throat, 13.
Burning in throat and stomach, 13.
Slight feeling of fulness in the throat (after half an hour), 5.
Soreness of throat increasing till quite hoarse (after eleven hours), 5.
Throat has been quite sore for the past six hours; pain upon swallowing (second day), 4.
Throat feels raw and irritated (second day), 3.
Throat feels raw and sore (after seven hours), 5.
Drops of white mucus sticking to the uvula (after ten minutes), 3. [300.]
Fauces and uvula red (after ten minutes), 3.
Slight dryness of the fauces, 2.
Dryness of the fauces (in two hours), 7.
Feeling of dryness in the throat, causing constant inclination to cough; swallowing water affords relief, 3.
Swallowing difficult, but not impossible, 18.
Feeling in mouth and throat made her think she "could not swallow," but when impressed with the necessity of so doing, she drank with avidity the warm water offered, though at first is seemed quite difficult, 20.
Swallowing appeared to give pain, manifested by grimaces and increased spasms of the facial muscles, .*

STOMACH

With constant hunger, was soon satisfied, the food seemed tasteless, 1.
Increased desire for salt food (anchovies, herrings, smoked meats, etc.), 1.
Ate a light supper, having to wash the food down with water (after seven hours), 5.
Aversion to meat and beer; beer increased the empty feeling in the stomach and caused a painful pressure; this aversion to beer and the unpleasant symptoms caused by it continued through the whole proving, 1.
Appetite wanting (second day), 18.
Loss of appetite (becomes after the drug-influence violent hunger), 9.
No thirst, in spite of the dryness of the throat, 9.
Thirst moderate (second day), 18.
Frequently asks for water to drink, 11. [320.]
Thirst, greatly increased, threefold, 1.
Frequent empty eructations without relief, 7.
He had eructations tasting like the yolk of eggs, at intervals through the day (after ten hours), 3.
Nausea (after quarter of an hour), 8.
Slight nausea (after one hour), 3.
Slight nausea (after ten minutes), 3.
Slight nausea, lasting but a few minutes; these coming on again after an interval of half an hour (first day), 2.
Nausea, and transient inclination to vomit, 7.
Fruitless vomiting of colorless mucus, and afterward of green bitter fluid after the morning vertigo, 1.
Vomiting, readily induced by drinking warm fluids (after two and a half hours), 8. [330.]
Vomiting after drinking milk, 13.
Hurried from bed and vomited profusely; easy vomiting of a watery fluid, tasting bitter at first, nearly tasteless afterwards; during the vomiting, very severe sticking pains in the umbilical region; vomited about five minutes, and then staggered back to bed (after eleven hours), 4.
Great distress in the epigastrium which seemed indescribable, 20.
Uncomfortable sensation in stomach (in fifteen minutes), 7.
Uneasy sensation in the stomach, accompanied by frequent empty eructations, affording no relief. The uneasiness, which gradually became associated with nausea and retching, increased to a pressing, sticking, and contractive pain, accompanied with frequent empty eructations. This spasm of the stomach, which was attended with paleness of the face, slight perspiration, singing in the ears, and an aching pain in the forehead, lasted two hours, .

ABDOMEN

Abdomen a little tense (after fourteen hours), 18.
Abdomen swollen and tense, but not tympanitic; upon pretty firm pressure upon it, patient gave signs of suffering, 10.

STOOL AND ANUS. [340.]

Paralysis of the sphincters of the rectum and bladder, 9.
Paralysis of sphincter ani with involuntary fecal discharges (in three patients, from 1 1/2 grain and upwards), 9.
Hurried from bed by urgent desire to stool, followed by very copious watery stool coming with a gush. This stool relieved the pain in the umbilical region (after thirteen hours), 4.
Another copious stool (after fourteen hours), 4.
Arose and immediately had another copious, watery stool (second day), 4.
During stool, felt badly generally, weak and terribly nervous, with general perspiration, 20.
In the stool, thin fluid seemed to be mixed with urine (after three hours), 18.
Stool, only two to four days (in health, daily), 1.
No evacuation for five days, and then only induced artificially, 18.

URINARY ORGANS

Tenesmus and frequent desire to pass urine (after four and a half hours), 8. [350.]
Frequent desire to micturate, passing only a moderate quantity of urine, 11.
Constant and frequent desire to pass water, but inability to do so, 11.
Incontinence of urine, and involuntary fecal discharges, 9.
Urine profuse; first at 6 P.M. (after twelve hours), 18.
Has had profuse urination for the past twenty-four hours (second day), 3.
Urine passed slowly and increased in quantity (after three hours), 5.
Frequent micturition at night, 18.
On the night of the first day, between 10 and 1 o'clock, was compelled to urinate as often as ten or fifteen minutes, without pain. The quantity voided was profuse and almost colorless, 20.
Urine and thirst increased, 1.
Urine not increased, notwithstanding the dryness of the skin, 1. [360.]
Passed very little urine, 8.
On the fourth day he passed his water in drops and with great difficulty, 10.
Catheterism was required during the next four days, 8.
Dysuria, or more or less complete retention of urine for two or three hours, or longer, invariably follows the action of a full medicinal dose of the drug, 8.
No urine for nine hours (first day), 18.
No urine passed for thirteen hours, 21.
He had passed no water since the preceding evening; bladder not distended, 10.
Urine clear and corresponded in amount to the water drank (increased), 1.
Urine acid, dark, brownish, without sediment, and containing Atropine, 18.

RESPIRATORY APPARATUS

Dry tickling cough, periodic, with a sore feeling in the throat and pressure on the chest; excited by speaking or smoking, 1.
Has had several paroxysms of coughing, caused by the collection of mucus in the throat, occurring once in fifteen or thirty minutes, attended with the difficult expectoration of a thick, tough mucus; after coughing, burning in the throat (second day), 3. [370.]
Small quantity of thick, frothy, white sputa is ejected at intervals (after ten minutes), 3.
Huskiness of voice (twenty to forty minutes), 8.
She tried to call out but her voice refused her, 13.
The voice is sometimes weakened, or there may be complete aphonia, 26.
Sensation of choking in an hour after the first application, 20.
Respiration 28, 18.

CHEST

Feeling of warmth as of a glow through the thoracic region (after half an hour), 4.

HEART AND PULSE

Heart's action irregular and apparently obstructed, 11.
Weak doses accelerate the heart and increase blood pressure; poisonous doses have the reverse effect, 8.
Distressing fluttering sensation in the cardiac region, 8.
Pulse of fair fulness and strength, 10. [380.]
Pulse very weak (after two hours), 8.
After ten or fifteen minutes, an acceleration of the pulse from 20 to 70 beats; no apparent change in volume, but a decided increase in the force of the cardiac contractions and of the arterial tone, 8.
Pulse accelerated, increased in volume and power (after ten and twenty minutes); if previously slow and feeble or intermitting, the change will be very decided; the acceleration amounts to 20 to 25 beats per minute; it will take place suddenly and attain its maximum within one or two minutes; after being maintained for half an hour a gradual decline takes place, and the heart soon returns to its state, and continues to beat as quickly and powerfully as before; just as the pulse rises a slight giddiness is often perceptible, 8.
Pulse sank at first ten beats, but soon began to rise, and in an hour and a half had increased forty beats, 1.
As moisture returns to the mouth, the pulse is observed to fall, and it now rapidly resumes its ordinary rate and character, 8.
She was able to rise in the morning, when the pulse was frequent, small, and irregular, and she complained of lassitude, 8.
Pulse 150, small and weak (after one hour), 8.
Pulse accelerated to 140, with increased tone, but diminished volume, 20.
Pulse 138 (after one hour), 5.
Pulse 136; heart's action greatly increased (after one hour), 5. [390.]
Pulse 132 (after one hour), 5.
Pulse 130, but not so full (after ten minutes), 3.
Pulse 130, and small, 13.
Pulse 124, 3.
Pulse 116 (after half an hour), 4.
Pulse 112 (after one hour), 4.
Pulse 112 (after one and a quarter hours), 4.
Pulse 112; is hot and feverish (after three hours), 5.
Pulse 112, lying down. Pulse had been taken until now when the prover was standing (after two hours), .

NECK AND BACK

Cold sensation along the spine, 1.

EXTREMITIES IN GENERAL

Weakness of the limbs, 1.
Partial paralysis of the arms and legs (after eight hours), 8.
In proportion as the doses of Atropia augment, the limbs, and especially the lower, though still under control of the will, become heavy and inactive, 22.
The feeling of numbness and heaviness in the limbs was so great that she feared the result of going to sleep lest she should never awaken, 20.
Extremities cold, 10.

UPPER EXTREMITIES

Constant, restless throwing about of the arms, hands, and fingers of both sides, similar to the movements in typhus delirium, 18.
Continual opening and closing the hands, and grasping at imaginary objects in the air (first day), 2.
Hands feel smooth and glassy (after ten minutes), 3. [420.]
Hands feel dry and glossy (after two hours), 2.
Slight numbness and prickling in the hands, extending to the tips of the fingers. The prickling soon ceased, but the numbness continued and increased, till in a short time there was complete loss of sensation (first day), 2.
Hands cold (after two hours), 8.
Numbness of fingers, with partial loss of sensation; cannot tell when I am holding small objects in the hand (after two hours), 2.
Numbness and partial loss of sensation in the fingers; feels as though he were holding a book in his hands, which he is afraid he will drop; upon taking a small object, as a pin, into his hand, it appears to him as though there were five or six of them (after one hour), 3.

LOWER EXTREMITIES

Dragged the legs when compelled to walk (after two hours), 8.
Stiffness in left knee and lower leg and in right great toe , though no pain (second day), 18.
Has had slight jactitation of muscles of legs (after thirteen hours), 5.
Has awakened several times in the night by spasmodic jerkings of the muscles of the legs (first night), 5. [430.]
Frequently wakened from sleep by sudden kicking out of the feet, 1.
Her "limbs felt like sticks;" thought she could not use them to walk across the room to the sofa, but with aid did so with considerable difficulty, 20.

GENERALITIES

After moderate doses the whole circulation is increased in force and rapidity. The force of the larger arteries is good, and if the circulation was previously slow, we find that they are usually increased in volume as well as in tone, 8.
Different parts of the body were affected with spasms, 10.
In women slight occasional startings, 8.
Occasional jactitation, 21.
Convulsive trembling in one or another muscle but never cramp; as consciousness disappeared these movements became automatic, as carphology, convulsions, 9.
For the past two hours has had occasional spasms of the voluntary muscles, particularly those of the extremities (after eight hours), 4.
During the last half hours has had several slight spasms of the muscles of the limbs and one of the entire body (after four hours), 3.
At times during the night when nearly lost in sleep, she would suddenly start as if frightened, 20.
Jerkings of muscles, particularly those of the legs, arms, and face. When attempting to drink from a glass, arm suddenly contracted and the water was spilled. While walking, the flexor muscles of one or both legs would suddenly contract, throwing me to the ground; do not dare to walk across the room for fear of falling (second day), 2. [440.]
Clonic cramp in face and extremities (moves arms forward in front of chest), 16.
Clonic spasms of the biceps flexor cubiti and of the muscles of the jaw, 10.
Spasms not diminished; could not hold a vessel of fluid in his hands nor carry it to his mouth, 10.
The spasms of the muscles above spoken of were increased by disturbing the patient; when left to himself, they come on at intervals of two or three minutes, 10.
Busy with his hands pulling the bedclothes about, 11.
Able to walk home, a distance of a mile; but when he reached the house he could not put the key into the door, "because he felt so stupid and shaky in the hand," and had to seek assistance, 8.
Displays considerable strength, but his movements are unsteady, as if he had lost come control over his limbs; for, when he tried to wipe mucus from his lips he raised his right hand with apparent difficulty a short way from his mouth, and then, with an effort and rather unsteady movement, raised his left hand and touched his lips, 11.
It was impossible to keep him in bed, and very difficult to prevent his walking about (after two hours), .

SKIN

Redness of the skin (after thirty to sixty minutes), 9.
Skin burning hot and dry, red; child scratched it, 15.
Skin feels hot hand dry; lips covered with dry mucus, 11.
Skin very dry and hot with a general feeling of biting and tickling as from vermin (forty minutes), 1.
Skin hot and pungent, 11. [480.]
Skin pungently hot and dry, and covered with a rash closely resembling that of scarlatina, which the child was frequently scratching, 21.
The skin of the whole body began to feel tinged (?) and swollen (after fifteen minutes). In about an hour and a half it was covered with a rash precisely similar to that of scarlatina, 28.

SLEEP AND DREAMS

Gaped very often, and said he should soon be asleep if he were in bed, 8.
Tendency to sleep (after one hour), 8.
Somnolency, 8.
Somnolency and perversion of ideas, 9.
Somnolency, with sometimes a little flushing of the face (from gr. 1/60), 8.
Feels drowsy and not inclined to speak or move about (second day), 3.
Felt sleepy and a little giddy, 8.
Heaviness, drowsiness, or actual sleep, with a great tendency to dreamy delirium, 8. [490.]
Had slept, and continued very drowsy, 8.
Was restless and uneasy through the night, but slept considerable of the time (second day), 3.
Was very restless through the night; dreamed of running horses; of playing baseball; of amputating a man's leg; saw dim, shadowy forms sitting or standing by the bedside or moving in the air (first night), 5.
Arose feeling uneasy and unrefreshed (second day), 2.
Arose, feeling weary and unrefreshed (second day), 5.
Insomnia, 8.
Insomnia (after eight hours), 8.
Wakeful and delirious (after eight hours), 8.
Sleeplessness till one at night and then frightful dreams, 1.
He will have little or no inclination to sleep, but instead of this a little moderate delirium (from gr. 1/32), 8. [500.]
Troubled by dreams, and at intervals disturbed by a start. A fancied noise is a common cause of awakening, and at these times the patient generally manifests a little delirium, 8.
Dreams pleasant, of flying in the air, etc., so that he woke in the morning happy and continued so the whole day, 1.
Frightful dreams; wake from sleep three times in the night, 1.
Dreams of being frightened, pursued, great exertion, etc., etc., all of which fatigued him, some of which made him powerless, and he rejoiced, when wakened by a loud cry, to be rid of his unnatural state. His wife said that he was restless and sighed during sleep, 1.

ATROPINUM. FEVER

Skin rather cool than warm on forehead and head, 18.
Chilliness and cramp, and tingling of the extremities (after one hour), 8.
Internal coldness with external burning heat of the whole body; toward 6 P.M., it became so great that he was apprehensive, and so restless that he could not remain anywhere; he hurried home expecting misfortune; scarcely had he entered the house when he had to seek the open air, only to return again to the house; at 7 1/2 P.M., he lay down hoping that the restlessness would go away by sleep; could not sleep till toward eleven; he tossed about in bed, with audible and perceptible palpitation and anxiety as great as if he had committed a great crime, 1.
General diffusion of warmth, 8.
Skin hot (after forty-eight hours), 8.
The skin is hot and pungent, face flushed, veins of forehead tinged, and head burning, 11. [510.]
Slight elevation of the temperature of the surface, rarely exceeding 1° and a still slighter and less appreciable rise of the internal temperature of the body, 8.
Temperature 100° (after twenty-four hours), 18.
Temperature 102° (after fourteen hours), 18.
Temperature frequently varied, now glowing heat, now cold over the back (cold predominated), 1.
Alternate heat and chill, a violent tension of the chest, with dyspnœa, and feebleness of the pulse (from tasting Atropia), 27.
Atropia checks sweating, whether physiological or morbid, 29.

CONDITIONS

Aggravation.
( Morning ), Talked confusedly, etc.; on rising, vertigo; on waking, very dizzy; on waking, sticking in left temporal region; felt very weak.
( Night ), Immediately upon closing eyes, after retiring, delirium; agitation, etc.; frequent micturition.
( Toward 6 P.M .), Internal coldness, etc.; of the whole body.
( In open air ), Very weak.
( Beer ), Caused pain in stomach.
( Upon closing eyes ), Mind becomes confused, etc.
( After coughing ), Burning in throat.
( After drinking milk ), Vomiting.
( Every motion ), Pains in base of skull, etc.
( Periodic ), Dry cough, etc.
( Each pulsation of heart ), Pain in eyes, etc.
( Rising ), Vertigo, etc.
( Stepping ), Pains in base of skull, etc.
( Turning head quick ), Vertigo.
( During the vomiting ), Pain in umbilical region.
( On waking ), Vertigo, etc.
( Walking ), Severe sticking pains; pain in stomach.
( Drinking warm fluids ), Vomiting.
Amelioration.
( Evening ), Pains in head disappear.
( Towards morning ), Dryness in throat.
( Toward 11 A.M .), Pains in head.
( Going into open air ), Confusion in head.
( After moving about in open air ), Sticking in left temporal region.
( Sitting ), Feels better.

SUPPLEMENT: ATROPINUM. Authorities.

30 , Dr. Chassaignac (Gaz. des Hôp., January, 1853), Am. Journ. of Med. Sci., vol. lii, p. 540, 3 or 4 drops of a solution made with 5 centigrams of Atropine in 30 grams of water, acidulated with acetic acid, were dropped into the eye of a man suffering with cataract; 31 , Dr. Bethune, Bost. Med. and Surg. Journ., vol. lvi, 1857, p. 201, made three successive applications to the eye, of a solution of 2 grains to the drachm; 32 , M. T. Saddler, M.D., Med. Times and Gaz., 1868 (1), p. 391, a child, aged three months, took a teaspoonful of a mixture containing 1/200 grain of the sulphate in a fluid drachm, afterwards 6 drops; 33 , Geo. Lawson, Lancet, 1868 (1), 570, effects of the application of the sulphate to the eyes of two persons; 34 , S. R. Percy, M.D., Prize Essay, 1868, p. 15, took 1/10 grain of the sulphate in 1 ounce water; 35 , S. W. Gross, M.D., Am. Journ. of Med. Sci., Oct., 1869, p. 401, Mrs. H., aged forty-three, took 3 grains of Atropia, death; 36 , F. H. Parsons, M.D., Brit. Med. Journ., 1869 (2), p. 675, a man, aged forty-five years, swallowed less than 2 drachms of a solution of the sulphate; 37 , A. W. Stocks, Brit. Med. Journ., 1870 (1), 489, for an attack of lumbago, made a hypodermic injection of 6 minims of a solution containing 1 grain alkaloid to 2 drachms water, with relief, afterwards used the same quantity obtained from a different druggist; 38 , Drs. Millick and Kerper, Med. and Surg. Reporter, vol. xxvi, 1872, p. 257, a lady, for rheumatic iritis, took a solution containing about 1 grain Atropia, and immediately drank hot coffee; 39 , S. Buckley, Pharm. Journ., Third Series, vol. ii, 1872, p. 597, Mr. A. Harris, took some Atropia in food, death; 40 , Roderich Zeiss, Ueber die Werkung des Atropins auf den Puls., Jena, 1875; 41 , Dr. Hugo Magnus, Zehender's Klin. Monatsbl., 1876, p. 386, Royal Loud. Oph. Reports, 1877 (Am. Journ. of Med. Sci., New Series, No. 150, p. 569), effects on the eye; 42 , T. E. Murrell, M.D., Phila. Med. and Surg. Rep., Sept., 1876, p. 269, a man, aged forty years, took a solution of Atropia; 43 , Henry Gibbons, M.D., Pacific Med. and Surg. Journ., 1876, p. 466, a child, aged three years, took and indefinite quantity of a solution; , R. L. Bowles, M.D., Brit. Med. Journ., 1876 (1), p. 533, dropped 4 drops of a solution of 4 grains to 1 ounce, into two persons eyes; , E. Nettleship, ibid., p. 444, a woman, aged forty-four years, for iritis, applied a solution of the sulphate, 4 grains to 1 ounce, several times a day to the eye; , J. Oscroft Tansley, Med. Rec., vol. xii, 1877, p. 334, a young woman, with tinnitus aurium in one ear, was given a solution of the sulphate, 4 grains to 1 ounce, to be instilled into the ear daily; , same, a woman applied a plaster to the right side; , E. Wilson, Lancet, 1878 (1), 165, a woman, aged forty-three years, and her daughter, aged thirteen years, drank a lotion containing 3 grains of the sulphate; , A. S. Greenway, M. B., Brit. Med. Journ., 1878 (2), p. 516, Chas. S., aged forty-five years, took over a teaspoonful of Atropia; , J. C. Mackenzie, M.D., Cincin. Lancet and Obs., Feb. 1878, p. 148, A. C. H., aged twenty-six years, took 20 grains of the sulphate; , F. C. Holts, M.D., Chicago Med. Journ. and Examiner, vol. xxxviii, 1879, p. 43, a man, aged seventy-two years, applied a solution of Atropia to the eye for several days.

In twelve days she returned considerably disturbed in mind, saying she could not see well with the eye upon the same side as the ear in which the Atropia had been used. It was examined and found to be strongly under the action of Atropia, the other eye being normal, 46.
Acute glaucoma; the Atropia was dropped in to facilitate a proper examination of cataract. The right eye only was affected, though the drops had been put in both. The patient had been seen on two occasions before the Atropia was used, and there was no occasion to suspect any glaucomatous condition. The symptoms came on within a few hours of the drops being used, 41.
In one case there was acute conjunctivitis, lasting several days; in the other, erysipelas of the lids, spreading to the face and head, was excited on two occasions, a period of six months intervening, 33.
In four or five days she began to have difficulty in seeing with her right eye, being the eye upon the same side of the body to which the plaster had been applied. Upon examination the pupil was seen to be considerably enlarged, and the eye was undoubtedly strongly under the action of belladonna , the left eye being normal, 47. [520.]
Dr. Rothhaupt, aged twenty-five years, whose normal pulse was 60 to 64, at this time 64, injected 0.00025 gram Atropia; pulse gradually fell in five minutes to 52; during the next twenty minutes it fluctuated between 50 and 60; after twenty-six minutes it was 48; it slowly but gradually rose, until after an hour it regained its normal rate, and after an hour and a quarter continued regular at 60. Another man, aged twenty-five years, with pulse constantly at 68, took 0.0005 gram; after seven minutes pulse 60; after thirty-three minutes 68; thirty-eight minutes 72; sixty-two minutes 78; seventy-seven minutes 78; where it remained constant. K. R., aged forty-six years, injected 1/2 milligram; pulse rose to a maximum of 70 beats. R. Z., aged twenty-five years, with a pulse of 60; rose to a maximum of 68. B., aged twenty-five years, pulse 64; rose to a maximum of 74. O. Z., aged twenty-one yeas, pulse 60; rose to a maximum of 80. The same prover, K. R.; the pulse fell after ten to twenty minutes 10 beats. R. Z., the same. B.'s fell 10 beats in one to ten minutes. O. Z.'s fell 6 beats in ten to twenty minutes. Another series of experiments with 0.00075 gram; pulse 62, fell after twelve minutes to 48; after thirty-nine minutes it was 78; after forty-nine minutes 86; after which it gradually returned to the normal. Same man subsequently injected 0.001 gram (or 1 milligram), pulse 60; in seven minutes and three-quarters it fell to 52; after thirty minutes it was 102; after which it returned to the normal and did not fall below it. Another proving, with 1 1/2 milligram; pulse 68; in twelve minutes 52; in forty minutes 104; after which it gradually returned. After an injection of 1/4 milligram, the maximum fall of the pulse was reached in twenty-six minutes, and lasted fifty minutes. After 1/2 milligram the maximum was reached in sixteen minutes, and lasted forty-one minutes; after 3/4 milligram the maximum fall was reached in thirteen minutes, and lasted twenty-one minutes. After 1 milligram the maximum fall was reached in seven minutes and lasted fourteen minutes. After 1/4 milligram there was no rise in the pulse. After 1/2 milligram the maximum was reached in eight minutes, and it lasted fourteen minutes. After 3/4 milligram the maximum rise was reached in twenty-six minutes, and lasted one hundred and nineteen minutes. After 1 milligram the maximum rise was reached in forty-two minutes, and lasted one hundred and sixty-four minutes, .

Atropinum