Lobelia inflata

Volume III — Main text

LOBELIA.

LobeBa infiatat L., Indian tobacco ; L. cardinHlh, L., cardinal flower \ and L. sfpnili' tica, L., great blue lobelia. Nat. Ord., Lobtiiacea.

L Provings. — i. Dr. S. R. Dub:> took lodr. of concentrated tinct, of L. cardinalis in water at lO.lO a.m. Local burning caused by it lasted till n. In 20 m., sticking, like pricking of necdleSj in I. sole, shooting inwards ; for itw m. 30 m., same sensation above r. knee. IT. 30, dryness of nose, with fulness, followed by sneezing, 12, severe stitch in 1. chest, compelling him to press with hand to moderate it, as it nearly took his breath, and lasting about 10 m. 12. 15, same pain in 1. hypochondrium, so sudden and violent as to make him cry out, relieved by pressure, lasted 5 m* 3 p.m., tongue raw and sore, very red, especially at tip, where a blister formed ; throat sore and dry, with disposition to swallow, as also to hawk up phlegm \ headache, dull and distressing, with fulness in forehead and base of occiput — latter peculiarly painful ; pain increased by motion or shaking head. 5, severe pricking pain with itching in I. heel, so great as scarcely to be borne ; headache increased ; throbbing and weakness in lower extremities, so great as to induce him to lie down j hot sweat on forehead, with throbbing in that part and at base of occiput ; stiffness of nape ; dull pains in both upper maxillary bones, with aching in molar teeth j whilst lying down, great sleepiness, with difficulty in falling asleep; constant dreaming, with extreme tightness of head ; starting in sleep, with jerkings of hands. 7*30, unpleasant sticking pain in epigastrium, which lasted 5 m. 9, very little pain in forehead, but pain is still throbbing and almost insupportable in occiput and nucha ; soreness in eyes, with smarting and slight watering ; great repugnance to light of lamp. 10, oppression of breathing, with dull distressing pain across base of chest, relieved by beating lightly on part with hand; dull heavy pain in and near epigastrium, with sensation of weight or load ; languor of whole frame, with weakness as from sprain across kidneys. ti.30, slight shooting pain in forehead, with eruption of small vesicular pimples in its centre and upper part, they feel sore on passing hand over them ; pain in occiput now very slight ; disposition to sing, which he was continually doing whilst walking up and down room. I2, thirst for cold water, Oss of which much relieved tongue and fauces, and also chest. Next d. (6 a.m.) head feels light, with dull pain in forehead and occiput. 8, eyes burning and watery, with dread of

light, they feel sore on closing them ; mouth and ^fauces dry, with raw and distressed feeling extending down to epigastrium ; some nausea, no appetite for break^t. Throughout d. great debility of whole frame, especially of lower extremities, which are so much fatigued by any exertion that it is with difficulty they can be dragged along, knees bending under him in walking. On 7rd d., still local effects and weakness of legs ; also, oppression of breathing throughout d., with sticking pains on taking a long breath, and pricking pain in I. lung, coming on several times in d. and lasting several m. each time, prickine also in 1. calf and heel. Most of above symptoms continued, thougE with less intensity, for 2 weeks, and it was at least 3 weeks ere stomach recoverea its usual tone and good appetite returned. {Afat, Med. of Amtr. Provings.)

2, Dr. Jeanes proved L. inflata* on self and 3 following persons, manner not stated. Symptoms accredited by self are,^vertigo, with nausea ; pain in occiput ; dull heavy pain passing round forehead from temple to temple immediately above eyebrows ; pain in 1. parietal protuberance ; severe and frequent itching in angles of lids ; aching in 1. ear ; shooting into 1. ear from painful spot in throat about i in. to l.of larynx on level of lowest cartilage ; soreness of throat ; drawing pain in r. throat, extending upwards to ear ; flatulent eructation, with sense of heat and acidity in stomach ; feeling of weakness in stomach ; pain in r. hypochondrium, — in loins, — about 3rd — 5th dorsal veitebfae i chills down back, with heat in stomach ; prostration of strength ; pulse smaller and weaker. [Ibid.)

1. Geist. Dull feeling in occiput ; outward pressing in 'both temples, at same time dull pressing pain in flesh just above I. elbow, and hand feels as if paralysed ; chilliness of I. head, with ficeling as if hair would rise on end j pressing pain in eyeballs ; itching in angles of 1. lids ; smarting of inside of lids ; peculiar drawing feeling from r. side of mouth to r. eye ; chilly feeling in 1. cheek, extending to car ; draw^ ings in lower jaw ; dull pressing pain in 1. molar teeth and temple; drawing pain from r. throat upwards to ear -, flatulent eructation, with sense of acidity and heat of stomach ; some pain in hypogastrium j sticking pain in r. renal region ; frequent short dry cough ; tightncNof chest, with heat in forehead ; inclination to sigh, deep inspiration | short inspiration, slow expiration ; peculiar feeling between tickling and smarting in larynx, like irritation to cough, which, however, seldom occurred, and then was accompanied by feeling of oppression i pain in chest ; burning feeling in chest, passing upwards ; slight deep-seated pain in region of heart ; pain under mid-sternum ; pressing pain at 1. of lower sternum j feeling of drawing from 1. nipple to axilla ; rheumatic pains between scapulae ^ slight drawing pain between scapulae, following slight muscular twitches over 1. ribs near spine; pain, only when touched, in muscles of r. arm, in space of width of hand, preceded by slight rheumatic feeling in shoulder ; fine crawling stitches within r. deltoid ; paralytic feeling in r. arm ; pain in r. elbow-joint ; pressing pain on outer middle part of thigh, and at same time constrictive feeling in head ; pain in 1. leg while sitting ; feeling about knees of pain and

• The remaining provings, to No. 17, were all made with this tpecirs.

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stiffness, as from fatigue ; cramp-lilce feeling in I. gastrocnemius and in hollow of 1. foot, (/hid.)

1. Link. Pain in head ; flow of clammy saliva ; hiccup ; sense of oppression at epigastrium, as if stomach were too full, worse on

pressure ; dull pain in abdomen

oppression of chest ; pain under numerous dreams and frequent

mid-sternum j sleep disturbed by wakings. (Ihtd.)

1. Williamson. Vertigo, with nausea, — with pain in head and trembling agitation of whole body i pains through head in sudden shocks ; pain and soreness in r. eye j pungent taste in mouth ; dryness of mouth and throat ; burning in throat; eructation of acid fluid with burning sensation ; burning in stomach ; sensation in abdomen, as if diarrhoea was about to occur ; whitish soft stools ; scraping sensation as from passage of a rough hard body during stool ; discharge of black blood after stool ; aching pain in urethra i smarting of prepuce ; sense as of lump in throat-pit, impeding respiration and deglutition i severe rheumatic pain in r. elbow-joint ; pricklintr sensation through whole body extending even to fingers and toes. (Ibid.)

2. Z — s, a physician, took tincc. in teaspoonful doses every 15 m. till nearly 3j had been consumed, without producing vomiting. He had — general tightness of chest, with short and somewhat laborious breathing, and disposition involuntarily to keep mouth open to breathe , with this indescribable feeling about stomach, compounded of nausea, pain, heat, oppression and excessive uneasiness. After 24 h. weakness of stomach and disagreeable taste in mouth, somewhat similar to that of a solution of corrosive sublimate. {Ibid.)

3. N. N. Kermes, set. 26, dispenser to the bomceopathic pharmacy at Leipzig, and of lymphatico-venous temperament. When a youth, had an obstinate attack of ophthalmia, and 4 years ago had pneumonia. He communicated to me the following account of his proving of lobelia, commenced on the 14th of February, 1839. At 9. 30 a.m. took 30 dr. of tinct. in 2 or 3 oz. of water, which was immediately followed by scraping pain in throat, passing off in 3 or 4 m. After 10 m. headache with slight vertigo, occasional transitory stitches in temples, distension of abdomen accompanied with quickened breathing (lasting about 15 — 20 m.j, and increased secretion of urine. The headache lasted until nearly midday. At 4 p.m. took 20 dr. in 3j of water. The scraping in the throat came on at once, but not so severely as last time; after \ h. distension of abdomen and shortness of breath set in ; after i h. irritation to cough, soon passing off. An unusual frequency of micturition was noticed during d., and also in n. and next d. (Noack's provings, Hygea^ xv, 45.)

4. Dr. Alphons Noack, of Leipzig, began his proving March 4th, 1839, being in sound health. At 7 a.m. passed 12 "loths" {loth = ^ oz.) urine of moderate acidity and specific gravity. At 7.15 took 10 dr. of tinct. on an empty stomach, pulse being 70. Immediately after, scraping feeling in throat on swallowing, as tongue couched hard palate, passing off in about 6 m. At 1 1 a.m. pulse 50, 7 " loths " of urine voided^ like that passed in early m. Took 20 dr. on sugar, causing immediately burning in throat, which developed into a scraping

and lasted about 12 m. At 12.30 pulse 60. At 3.15 p.in., haviiig noticed nothing striking in his condition, took 50 (Ir. on sugar, pnbe being 63. The scraping in throat came on moresevereljr than berare} 5 m. after dose pressure in pit or stomach was felt, like a weight ; after 5 m. more scraping seemed as if it would change into naiiiea, but tlicfe was merely a threatening of this ; 13 ** loths " of urine were piTiJ, a trifle lighter in colour than before. By this time there wai « aort of pressure, as from a foreign body passmg down length of CEtophasut ; in places it was more severe, for instance, just below the larynx. Fran this spot a twisting sensation like peristaltic movement extended down to epigastrium, and pit of stomach and spot below larynx were, thi the most sensitive regions. At same time two easy eructaticma no distension of stomach or abdomen, but slight rumbling in

Swallowing did not affect the pressive pain in pit of stomach, „

gradually decreased, and seemed as if it would end in a sensation as if a plug extended from epigastrium back to spine at same levd. This pain disappeared at times, but soon returned with twisting ■"Tfit5m which started from pit of stomach and the spot near spinal colunui| and proceeded r. and 1. through mediastinum, missing oesopfa^;us altogether -, deep inspiration gave relief. By 5 there remained only trifling pain in back, hypochondria, and epigastrium, felt on turning trunk i as if central tendon of diaphragm were put on the stiecch. This all gradually disappeared. At 345) pulse 62, and at J, 68. No action of bowels ; urine was passed four times (one of which was heftre first dose), making a total of 45 '^ loths," only 32 of which were voided after proving began, the average for a healthy adult being 60— 80 ''' loths " per diem. On going to bed at 10 no inclination U> uiinate; the morning's urine, under a temp, of 1 1° R., had deposited a biig^ red sediment on the vessel, and by next m. small brown crystals wen found. Under a magnifying power of 200 diameters they lookod m size and shape like large currants, and resembled a conglooKSatB gland. 5th. — Nothing remarkable noticed ; pulse, 9 a.m. and 5 pJi^ 75, usual stool II a.m. ; urinated six times and passed 70 ^lo&s^ urine as a whole was of paler colour than before (except that of early m.), and it yielded no sediment by next d. 6th. — 7 a.m., passed 20 " loths " of urine. 9th, took 80 dr. tinct. without sugar ; p* €3 i first burning, then scraping in throat, and flow of saliva, due to disagreeable taste of tinct. ; also nausea and slight eructations, tatting of medicine (after 5 m.). After 10 m. scraping in throat passed into pressive sensation ; p. 63. 9.30 a.m., slight heaviness in occiputy spreading in ^ h. to forehead with same intensity and soon disappearing. 9.45, normal stool, and 8 "loths " of urine. In addition to above symptoms slight pain in abdomen and rumbling set in.

discharge of very offensive eas. Pulse at 9.30, 53 ; at 10.45, 5Sl ^

1, 63; and 2.15, 61. Midday meal taken with usual sppetite.

2, 12^' loths " of urine of high specific gravity, continued diichaigie of flatus. 3.15, took 102 dr. of tinct., followed by usual burning awd scrapings by increased secretion of viscid saliva (| h.), and by and eructations, pulse being 58. 5 m. later pressure in oeac and epigastrium returned slightly, much less than d. before.

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oppression, necessitating deep breathing, slight abdominal pain and rumbling, offensive flatus, eructations (sometimes forcible) and nausea, lasting until bedtime, were all that was felt after this dose. P. 58 at 5 p.m., 72 at 8. Urine, 5 p.m., g "loths"; 9.30, 10 "loths," of pile yellow; in the 24 h. 69 *'loths" passed in five times; it had not deposited a sediment by next m. After next d. condition normal in all respects. (Dr, Noack examined for albumen with perchloride of mercury, and found a precipitate resembling that substance, but it was not confirmed when tested subsequently with other reagents.) (Ibid,) 9. A medical student named Birkner, xt. 23, of middle height and vivid colour of cheeks, and of a scrofulo-vcnous constitution. He had suffered from various ailments as a child, including scarlatina followed by dropsy ■, was long in weak health, and had some deviation of the spine. Two years previously he suffered from hxmorrhoids, which, however, entirely disappeared. He suffers in winter from slight catarrh) and is habitually constipated, not having an action of the bowels oftener than every 2nd d.

a. July 25th, t839, took 4 dr. at 7 a.m., pulse 56, followed at once by scraping in throat and warmth in stomach. In open air felt pressing pain in occiput lasting until midday. After dinner pulse 68, and in e. 59. Hiccup several times about 6 p.m. ; about 8 some return of occipital headache ; stool as usual in e. No change in urine either in quantity or quality. 26th. — 8 dr. at 7 a.m. ; at once dryness in throat and warmth in stomach. Slight headache, especially on going upstairs. Towards c. hiccup. Pulse and urine as usual. 27th. — Took 16 dr. at 7 a.m., followed by dryness in throat. On moving, confusion of head, especially at vertex. Pulse and urine normal, but urine has a thin film, like a mist, upon it. Stool in e. as usual. 28th. — No medicine. Pulse, m., 56; after dinner, 70 ; e., 64. Urine normal. No symptoms all d., nor the 2 following d.

h. Aug. 24th. — 10 dr. at 7 a.m. At once scraping in throat, eructations and sensation of burning rising from stomach j warmth in stomach. After eating great dryness and scraping in throat, not relieved by drinking, and lasting I h. Pressure in stomach after a small meal. In c. heat of face and peculiar dull tension in head. Pulse, m., 56 ; after i h. same rapidity but rather small, and in e. 76. Urine normal. Stool in e., although bowels had acted the d. before. Sleep good. 25th. — 20 dr. at 8 a.m. ; at once heartburn, with flow of water in mouth ; burning in throat, soon changing to feeling of dryness and lasting all forenoon. Towards e. heat, and tendency to sweat, especially about face. Distension of abdomen with painful rumblings. Severe pressure in epigastrium. Sensation of fulness in chest, with somewhat short and superficial breathing (24 respirations per m.). Abdominal respiration appeared to be entirely absent. Pulse, m. 55, midday 82, e. 90 ^ feebler than usual. Urine normal. About 9 p.m. bowels acted, stool more pappy than usual. 26th. — No dose. Slight nausea in m., going off after a draught of water. During d. much distension with slight rumbling, tendency to sweat, feeling of languor, and slight pain in chest, aggravated on deep breathing. In e. heat and dull headache towards back uf head. Urine normal and stool again in

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e. of 1 nttuiil appcannot. Pube nther more rmptd. 37th — No dose } no sympnunt except oa 171^ slight cickling below uifeKor extremity of sternum on deep bteathii^, uid on iSth scarcely noticeable tension in i^on of lambdoidal sntore. No stool either d,

c. Sept, ist— ^ dr. at 7 a.iD« Pube was 58 before dose ; imrac* diatel3r after, scnpiiig and painful aoroness in throac with scnsadoa of constriction of oesc^hagua passing fiom below upwards. Frcqucm eructation with floarof water in mouth. Kmbamsjiment of brcacbiits > respiration somewhat quidEenodf and aoet»m ponied with ^ensntioti a» if insufficient, necessitating occaiioaaUy tj&king a deep brc^ith. Tbc abdominal breathing appearad lasienea, and it was more thaa usually difficult to hold his breath. After t b. puUe 74 j In afternoon %^ and at 10 p.m. 76; otherwise norauL After food fu)ne»«» prc%»ure in region of stomach, rumbling in abdomen and sliEhc oonfusioa ui head, which increased in e. to severe prcssfyc hc^t^cht: with coo* siderable heat of face. The difficulty of breathing lanced only i h. Bowels acted, urine normal, and.— No dose. PuUc, oi., 56; midday, 75 ; e., 68. Urine normal, no «tooL In m* peculiar trembling in abdomen, u of an anttperistthic movement in avDouch, but without nausea. Pressure in oodpuc^ relieved by taking oS hti hat. Breathing anin leels insufficient, oihcrwiftc natural i&nd easy. Loss of appetite. Experiment broken off. {Ibid.)

to. IsiDOK MoKs, M.D., Kt. a9, in robust health ; small ia stature ; dark complexioncd with yellow tinge ; of melancholy tctnpcn^ ment j and toleraUy sensitive. Had terijari fever in Italy, but not quite well except for some degree of comtipation. Feb. 6thr 1S40.' Took 20 dr. in bed soon after waking % immediately felt consideral and penetrating burning scraping in throat from anterior palatal to larynx, causing, aror \ h., ftcqueni hawking of an abundaoct" of mucus. After an h. only slight scraping, which a[>pe4red 10 be felt more at r. side of laiynx, but was always worse oo swallowing. The scraping was perceptible until 11 a.in,, gradually getting less, and in afternoon nothing was tcft of it. 7th. — Painful dreams in night, not, however, interrupting sleep, At 6 a,m, cook 20 dr. ; same scraping u before, but less burning. Soon after there was a very painful foeling of twisting in prsecordiai region lasting ftom 5 — 8 m. ; less mucus in throat than d. before. At 8 a.m. moderate scrapinf(, lasting only until 9. No other symptoms all d, 8ih. — so dr. in bed ; some scraping as before, but less severe. 9ch. — ^ dr. 6 a.m.) besides scraping, frequent yawning for 2 or 3 m. after dose, internal restlessness, copious flow of thin saliva soon Riling mouthed severe painful feeling of twisting in pr^cordium \ nau&c4 witb col^| sweat on head, especially hct, and great inclination to vomic^ which did not occur. This nausea, &c., lasted 5 — % m, anii gradually pasi off entirely in \ h. Quite well after this. lOth.^At 6.30 a.m, dr. ; some scraping at once, and 2 m. later yawnin sweating of face, low of saliva, slight inclination t twisting pain in stomach. These last three symptoma h d. before, xith.— 10 dr. at 9 a.m. ; slight transient act as a sort of loathing in stomach itself. At x i

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more symptoms, excellent appetite for dinner. At 4 p.m. 10 dr. again, after which sensation of loathing returned, not more strongly but tasting longer. 12th. — Distressing dreams in n. At 8 a.m. 15 dr. Besides the scraping, violent and frequent hiccup came on 3 or 4 m. after dose, occurring about 20 times together, gradually lessening in intensity and disappearing. Frequent hawking on account of collection of mucus in throat. Took 15 dr. more at 4 p.m.; slight scraping only, 13th, — 2 doses of 15 dr.; no new symptoms. 14th. — At 9 a.m. 50 dr. in a glass of water. Nausea both before and after dose ; 4 h. later yawning and violent scraping in throat; frequent stretching and trembling in stomach, lasting i h. Good appetite at noon. Repeated dose at 3.30 p.m. ; more burning than scraping for J h. Loamy taste left in mouth. 15th, — At 6 a.m. 75 dr, in water; nothing noticed beyond loathing and transient scraping. No stool for 14 d. At night all sorts of dreams. 16th. — At 9 a.m., 100 dr. in a glass of water. Transient scraping and loathing and shivering tasting till II o'clock. Several times belching of wind. Good appetite at dinner. Took 150 dr. at 3 p.m. j scraping, shivering from the loathing feeling, frequent belching, feeling of weakness and trembling of stomach, lasting longer than before, no more symptoms after 2| h. Subsequently on several d. prover took more frequent doses of tinct., but did not obtain any new symptoms or striking increase of old ones. In consequence of this he brought his experiment to a close. It is especially noticeable that, in this case, small doses affected the throat chiefly, while large doses acted principally on the stomach. This agrees with the experience of American physicians. {Ibid.)

I J. Laura Eckh — ,set. 21, born of healthy parents, slenderly built, with florid complexion, blue eyes, brown hair, tranquil disposition, and soft voice. Menstruation was regular, and accompanied with spasmodic pain, which had been present every month since she had amenorrhoea some years ago. Never seriously ill, digestion good, sleeps quietly, dreams but little, of regular habits, and in good health. The only noticeable peculiarity is that her hands perspired somewhat. May isr, 1840. — Took 6 dr. overnight, and had scraping in throat at once and slight empty eructations in \ h. -, she passed a restless night, dreaming much. On awaking in m. cutting and drawing pain in abdomen. 2nd. — At 5 a.m. took 6 dr., thereupon scraping, chills all over, pains in loins () h. after dose), soon passing off; appetite good. In afternoon, after a short walk, pains in back and belly, worse than in m. \ also pain in chest and burning of eyes. Tiredness in back and heaviness of head all d. Before retiring took 6 dr. j no symptoms beyond scraping and eructations. Slept well. 4th. — No dose; no symptoms since last note. Took 6 dr. this m. Slight scraping and eructation. After breakfast pain in belly and back, especially the former, and pain in chest also. All symptoms disappeared in i h, 5th. — Took no med., but the pain in back and belly came on. 6th. — 9 dr. Scraping, with abdominal pain, worse from eating. Took 9 dr. more on going to bed ; re&tless sleep, with anxious dreams. 7th. — 9 dr. this m. Same pains as before, with fatigue of limbs. In \ h. later repeated dose with less effect than before. At 3 p.m. 20 dr. \ ij3aw vew

lobel:

bellj and tevere ptin in lotnt. At 6 p.m. 30 dr., and tc«s result ftci'll After supper iome pain in abdomen. Before going to bed, 40 dc^ followed by tctiping, eructation, readers slecp^ and on awaking next m. cramp m calvea. 8th. — No doae. Slight pain in belly and loiaa. Half h. after breakfast burning pain under r. bre»&t^ extending to pk of stomach, at fint limited to an area about size of nut. When she moved sharply, took a deep breath, or sneezed, it caused a feeling a» tf somethinj{ became displaced, and then went painftilly hack to m place again. Apart ftom these aggravaiing circumitances, the pain wu onlv a slight bunun^ Towards midday the ^ta of pAtn cnlargedt ia both directions, ana In site of original p^iin a tcvcre boring sea»aDoa developed. After dinnerthe pain increa»cd, but passed off m about i h^ returned with increased aeferiqr about 4, and extended from beforenamed spot right through body to back and under r. »houldcr. The painful parts relt as if paralysed, she could not move them j the paia and weaikness passed ott in about i^ h. Pissed restless n. with anxiuus dreams after having taken another dose of 50 dr. Nothing noticeable to report of next menstrual period. (IM.)

1. Dr. G. Orro Pipbr, of Dresden, Julv t3th, 1B40, took 1 dr. at 5 a.m. fasting, and at the same time next d. 4 dr. Slight retcfainz followed the scraping, which, with ctmstHction and elevation m pharynx, lasted ^ h. a6th.— hS dr. At midday severe tearing la fibula ftom below up to knee, on both sides. 1 7tli, gtt« 7 ; iltJi^ gtt. 8 ; 20th, gtt. 10 i aand, gtt. 16. In fofcnoon severe Constrictivr pain in 1. posterior iliac region, scarcely permitting of iu being touched or moved. Unusual languor until towards c. Painful bcavinesi of genital organs. 23rd. — On awaking same condition, luting till 9 a.ni. During forenoon perfectly welL 24(h.^io dr.; the condition of genital organs came on in e. again, but less severely. asth.^Quice well. Could not continue the experiment on account of the bummg and scraping, much more severe than that from Mezcrcum^ Ledum, Polygonum, and Euphorbia} and the nau.sea arising from the large doses lasted until noon, and prevented the prober frum Attending to btt work. (IhiJ,)

2. Bakkallimsl's experiments, ist series -, dose, 5 dr. in water sc 8 a.m., &sting.

a, A young man, set. 20, in good health, pulse 72. Nothing noticed on taking the dose except sensation of pricking in the throat, lasting several m. At 10 a.m. headache, gradually increasing in severity. 11 a.m., decided sleepiness, slept until 3, and awoke with headache worse. 3.30, sharp colic, with 3 di^rrho&ic stools. Headache and colic lasted a great part of the night*

b. Healthy subject, act. 27, pulse 74. Ac once piquant flavour ia mouth, as from tobacco in powder; at 9 a,m. slight sensation of striction in thorax ; normal condition rest of d.

£, Healthy subject, act. 20, pulse 58. During noticed. At 10 a.m. slight colic, increasing tmtil e.^ large liquid stools ; annoying borborygmt j no appetits unchanged. Towards e. general malaise, with petspii striction of thorax. These symptoms did not laK loi^

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d. Healthy subject, 7t, 29, pulse 74. Piquant feeling in the throat at once. At i p.m. slight colic, then heavy sleep Tor I h. ; on waking colic became severe, followed by 2 diarihceic stools, when the pulse fell to 58 per m., but remained full. All symptoms gone by 6 p.m. (jBu//. Gen, de Therap,y Ixvi, 76.)

1. Second scries. Dose, lO dr. in water.

a. Subject in robust health, sc. 25, pulse 76. On ingestion disagreeable piquant sensation in mouth, especially at tip of tongue and back of throat, lasting about ^ h. At 10 a.m. slight headache, gradually getting worse ; drowsiness, pulse weaker, 60, became small and occasionally intermittent. Painful constriction in region of sternum ; pupils slightly dilated. In afternoon all these symptoms disappeared except the drowsiness.

h. Subject, xt. 28, pulse 70. At once similar sensation to previous experimenter. 9 a.m., constriction of thorax, mental inactivity, and inaptitude for work, muscular fatigue. 11, slight colic. Afternoon normal.

c. Subject, act. 20, pulse 72. Immediately eructations and distres* sing nausea, lasting 15 m. j headache and thoracic constriction in afternoon, and general weakness in e.

d. Subject in robust health, .Tt. 20, pulse 70. For an h. or two only felt result of local contact of liquid and some nausea lasting about i h. At 10 a.m. slight dilatation of pupil and considerable sense of tightness of thoracic region, as from a tight band round chest. This tightness, which occasioned very obvious embarrassment of breathing, lasted about 20 m. ; towards e. intense headache. {Ibid,)

1. Third scries. Dose 20 dr. in water (2 spoonfuls).

a. Healthy subject of good constitution, at. 47, pulse 68. Sensation of roughness and dryness in back of throat, eructations and distressing nausea until 9 a.m. A few seconds after eructations left off a very painful constriction of thorax set in, especially at lower part ; pulse fell to 56, was small and irregular. Precordial anxiety, action of heart occasionally tumultuous. This very painful condition lasted { h., and was accompanied with severe headache and drowsiness. Pupils dilated, anorexia all d. Stool easier than usual.

h. Subject, »t. 27, of good constitution, pulse 72. Nausea on swallowing drug; feeling of weight in epigastrium, eructations, constriction in region of sternum and of larynx ; dysphagia. 10 a.m., intense headache, sleepiness, dilated pupils, disturbed vision j pulse irregular, 58 ; no appetite. {JbidJ)

1. Fourth series. Dose 40 dr., fasting, in 2 spoonfuls water.

a. Dr. BARRAi.LiER,ofgood constitution, xt. 47, pulse 66. Very disagreeable piquant sensation on swallowing dose, nausea and inclination to vomit difficult to repress, painful eructations, very distressing general malaise, precordial anxiety, extreme difficulty of breathing caused by severe constriction in centre of chest hindering respiratory movements, dysphagia, hoarseness of voice j at same time vertigo, headache, disturbed vision, pupils dilated, constant nausea, walking difficult, pulse 50 per m., small and irregular. This condition of discomfort was succeeded after about 1 h. by heavy sleep, disturbed, however,

by the least noise ; some colic in the afternoon, with dislike for food ; during n. unrefreshing sleep, interrupted by hallucinations. {IhitL)

1. Dr. Norton, on March 22nd, about i h. after breakfiMC, took xss of tinct. followed in an h. or two by slight nausea. 2jrd.— Took^j. Slight nausea only. 24th. — Took 5ij after breakfast. Nausea all m. ; uneasiness or feeling of lump or weight in stomach for a few moments ; about noon burning pain in back as if in posterior wall of stomach ; nearly all the symptoms disappeared towards e. 35th. — Took 5ii>i> Eructation immediately after, repeated several times duringd. Nausea and sensation of a lump or weight, as if from undigested food. A sensation of warmth or burning all over stomach ; rumbling in bowels and passage of flatus downwards. No appetite for dinner; dryness of fauces ; spitting at intervals. Amelioration of all symptoms towards e. ; enjoyed tea, (Brit, Journ. of Hom,^ xvii, 464.)

2. Provingsof L. syphilitica. — Dr. Williamson took 2nd dfl., 10 dr. twice a d. for 3 d. On 1st d., \ h, after first dose, pain on 1. side of head, over coronal suture \ dryness of 1. half of palate ; sense as of lump in upper part of oesophagus ; hiccup ; transient pain over 1. kidney, and soon afterwards in 1. hypochondrium ; heavy pain in 1. radial muscles \ p.m., pain in both mastoid processes, first felt and worst in r. ; drawing sensation under r. eye ; sense of dropping under 1. cheek-bone, pain in r. maxillary joint and in middle of r. lung ; after 2nd dose, return of pain over coronal suture and in radial muaclcs, bat of r. arm. On 2nd and 3rd d. acute pain along r. temporo-frMitil suture ; smarting itching of 1. internal canthus \ dryness of throat, with sense as if pharynx was open like a funnel ; three loose stools ; increased quantity of urine, with free discharge. On 4th d., awoke at 3 a.ai. with flatulence, but inability to pass it from bowels, and again at 6 with violent pain in stomach, and pain and borborygmus in bowels, followed by copious watery stools, with tenesmus ana soreness in anvss had four similar attacks during d., and they became so violent that he took podophyllin twice, which arrested the diarrhoea, and the psia gradually subsided during e., but pain in stomach and distension increased, with hunger and water-brash. On 5th d. felt as when suffering 13 years ago with dyspepsia, temporarily relieved by drinking cold water ; jolting of an easy carriage gives pain in stomach and both hypochondria ; boring pain in r. orbit, and soreness of eyeballs when turning them \ flushed face, with heat, when lying down ; bleeding of gums with putrid taste ; rheumatic pain along r. clavicle, and over r. inner ankle ; stiffness of nape from looking up \ sense of coldness with aching in both knees through d. On 6th d., headache after dinner with flushed face, drowsiness and lassitude, and inability to sleep when lying down, — somewhat better on going into open air ^ drawing pun in r. cheek-bone ; morning hoarseness and cough ; pain under I. brcMtj sore pain in joints of 1. big toe; at n. restless sleep with frequent wakings, and headache continuing till daylight. (Herikg's proving!^ JHahn. Monthly^ vi, 520.)

3. Dr. Jeanes took 5 dr. of 2nd dil. Immediately pain in region of 1. tonsil. During ist h., in this order, pain about junction of 6th r. rib with sternal cartilage; continued itching in I. ear ; constrictive

rST

feeling of mouth and tongue, especially at 1. commissure of jaws; pain in region of 1. kidney ; confused feelings with slight aching, in head, and frequent mistakes in writing and spelling; very considerable aching of r. shoulder and fingers whilst writing i itching of 1. internal canthus ; pain in both hips occasionally (also after several h.) ; coldness of hands and heat of forehead ; sinking feeling in stomach, followed by borborygmi ; stitching-drawing pain in 1. anterior lumbar region ; aching in cartilage of sixth I. rib; pain in fleshy part of last phalanx of I. great toe ; pain in I. chest near axilla, with aching in 1. shoulder and arm ; stiff numb feeling in r. palm ; stitching pain in I. temple; burning in r. eye ; stitching pain in r. renal region -, itching in 1. external canthus ; pain in I. ear; soreness of r. eyelid ; great soreness, rawness, pricking, dryness of palate, extending forwards through whole mouth ; feeling as of foreign body under r. upper lid, with smarting and burning ; itching and smarting in fore part of urethra ; stitching pain in 1. tibia ; flashes of heat in back, shoulders, and face, with burning of cai^ ; slight pain in region of pylorus ; pain between shoulders and neck, both sides i stitching pain in r. back, passing from 8ch rib downward ; pain, acute and sticking, in 8th dorsal vertebra. After 6o m. thick mucous secretion in throat, with diminution of the very unpleasant feeling of constriction, rawness, dryness, and soreness (which, however, had not gone off II h. after). In 65 m. pain in lower part of r. tibia and in r. ankle. In 2 h., perfect dr)'ncss of lips, and feeling of dryness and sensitiveness of nostrils, so that inhalation of air (at about 60°) creates a painful feeling 5 pain in I. heel. After 7 h. pain in cardiac region, severe about sunset. After 10 h. pain in inner edge of 1. scapula. On 2nd d., painful irritation within nose, which is sensitive to cool air ; frequent sneezing, with severe and painful jarring in breast and larynx, latter feeling as if stretched almost to bursting, with copious discharge of thick mucus from both nostrils ; renewed secretion of thick mucus in throaty with snuffling and hawking, still further diminishing soreness ; borborygmi just below epigastrium for hours, most after dinner -, pains in abdomen, most betow umbilicus, followed by diarrhocic stools in afternoon and c. ; a small quantity of urine, which he is compelled to retain for some time, causes pain in bladder, when evacuated it is of deep amber colour; much tickling about top of larynx, with disposition to hacking cough. (IbiH.)

1. L W. B — took 1st — 5th dil. In i h. pain in 1. parietal protuberance. In i) h. pain just anterior to cartilaginous margin of short ribs. General aching in head. Cutting pains in back under false ribs, forwards and upwards, not noticed after going to bed. {Ibid.)

2. Dr. Neidhard took 5 dr. of i^ at 4 p.m. In 5 m. dizziness, particularly in moving about, lasting 3 h., and oppression in forehead above eyes ; soon dull aching in forehead over eyes and especially nose, lasting, with slight intermissions, till e. ; also slight aching from back of head down nape. On 2nd d. took 10 dr. m. and e. After istdose, in 15 m. heaviness over eyes, like a weight, but no pain ; in I J h. dull pain in forehead over eyes, increased by reading and writing, less severe than on previous d. ; also oppression over eyelids and slight drowsiness.

After 2nd dose, in lo m. slight aching over eyet» especially L, and increased secretion of mucus from throat. (!bid.)

n. Poisonings, — i. A lad, suffering from constipation, had had lobelia inflata administered to him. Dose unstated. Symptoms : — Pulse quick, small, easily compressed^ tongue white furred, abdomen tymianitic but not painful. Did not appear seriously ill. At 3 p.m., after having been in the country, was seen to be worse, was pale, ghastly, and anxious, as if from a great shock ; skin mottled \ no pulse at wrist ; heart's action very feeble, and its sounds scarcely to be distinguished from each other ; breathing extremely laboured ; abdomen tympanitic j senses dull, but he answered questions. Vomited matters were olive colour, and '^ not unlike the coagulated blood deposited from beef-tea." Stools scanty, and contained membranous shreds in large quantity. P.M. (40 h. after death). — Peritoneal surface of intestines completeijr covered with lymph in large quantity \ intestines adherent everywhere, but separable by the finger, and presenting a vascular pinkish and slightly granular appearance ; liver of a blackish colour; gall-bladder moderately filled with inspissated black bile, containing numerous minute needle-shaped crystals. Internal surface of stomach greatly inflamed — inflammation especially recent at the cardiac orifice, also marked and recent at pylorus. The large and small intestines more or less inflamed throughout, but very recently in the duodenum and upper part of jejunum, in which was found a large incipient chronic ulcer. Papillx of tongue enlarged, pharynx and oesophagus congested, several lumbrici found in intestmes and oesophagus, fsces but slightly coloured with bile. Lymphatic glands and pancreas congested, both kidneys congested and watery. Bladder empty, capillary injection at neck thereof. Old pleuritic adhesion and about a pint of serous fluid in pleural cavity. Entire surface of mucous membrane of respiratocy tract shows signs of old and recent inflammation ; fibrinous clots found loose in larynx. Brain and membranes greatly congested, no fluid in ventricles. (Aled, Timts^xx^ 147.)

1. Child, act. 2, found dead in bed ; had received doses of IxkbcKt from herbalist. Limbs flexible, face scratched as if the child had been suffering severe pain, as the mother said was the case. Penis mock discoloured, extremity intensely red. The doses of medicine nearly "strangled" the boy, so that the mother gave only half doses. P.M. — Small quantity of serum in peritoneum ; liver pale ; gall-bladder distended. Stomach contracted, empty^ injected^ especially near pylorus, corrugated longitudinally; duodenum slightly injected. Mucous membrane of bladder and urethra injected. Kidneys, spleen, and pancreas healthy. Pericardium held 6 drachms fluid. R. vcn<* tricte distended with fluid blood, 1. empty. Lungs healthy. Membranes of brain very vascular, veins especially distended, also vessels of cerebral substance ; ventricles contained a considerable quantity of scrum. Spinal cord and membranes similarly affected. (Brit, idti. Journ.y i860, ii, 799.)

2. a. In full medicinal doses, say 20 gr. of powder, L. acts ■■ a powerful nauseating emetic, causing speedy and violent vomiting, attended by distressing and persistent nausea, and sometimes by purging.

copious sweatings and great general relaxation. These symptoms are

usually preceded by giddiness, headache, and general rigors.

b. In excessive doses, or in full medicinal doses too frequently repeated, the effects of L. are those of a powerful acro-narcotic poison. Extreme prostration is Hrst induced \ then great anxiety and distress, followed by convulsions and death. The earliest effects are pain in back of head, with feeiing of fulness, tightness, and giddiness ; these are followed by general! tremor, with prickling sensation throughout body, nausea, and profuse perspiration. Violent emcsis, if not already present, soon ensues. The palnfulncss and giddiness in head generally alternate with the nausea \ and on the occurrence of profuse diaphoresis the head symptoms usually subside. Great prostration of strength and relaxation of the entire muscular system now set in, accompanied by heavy despondency and fear of death. There is much thirst ; the hands and arms are thrown about, and the sufferer rubs or beats his stomach ; the secretion of saliva and of mucus is increased ; there is dryness, burning, and rawness in the throat, and frequent and difficult deglutition, with irritation of the oesophagus and oppression of prsecordium. Extreme spasmodic difficulty of breathing attends these distressing conditions, and there is great flatulent distension throughout abdomen, especially in neighbourhood of navel, with frequent eructations, and flatulent discharges from bowels. At same time urine is very profuse, and Causes a smarting sensation along its passage. Most other secretions arc likewise increased. Pulse is irregular, quick, and feeble ; or regular, slow, and full. Before profuse perspiration sets in, there is generally a feeling of great restlessness, with distension of abdomen^ and irregular and spasmodic respiration. The cheeks are usually suffused y the pupils arc dilated, and the eyes become more brilliant. The senses are rendered more acute ; the brain is generally excited ; (he mind wanders, sometimes lapsing even to wild and furious delirium, although a calm and placid sensation pervades the system generally. The evacuations are seldom increased in frequency. The patient mostly remains quite still, since to move causes return of the sudden and violent vomiting, with additional prostration. After a time he gets short periods of sleep^ or sinks into a semi-somnolent condition, and out of one of these sleeps he awakes quite well. (Phillips, op. (it.)

1. From a teaspoonful tinct. Lobel. inf. Dr. Cutler, a chronic sufferer from asthma, experienced great relief to breathing ; a 2nd and 3rd spoonful occasioned vomiting and a kind of prickly sensation through the whole system, even to the extremities of the fingers and toes. This soon subsided, leaving the patient very well. (Bigelow, jfm. Aied, Botany^ i, 183.)

2. Rev. Dr. Manasseh Cutler writes : — "The leaves chewed in the mouth are, at first, insipid but soon become pungent, occasioning a copious discharge of saliva. If they are held in the mouth for some lime they produce giddiness and pain in the head, with a trembling agitation of the whole body ; at length they bring on extreme nausea and vomiting. The taste resembles that of tartar emetic." {Memoirs ff jfmer. Mad, Art and Scienct^ ^7851 '» 4^4-)

III. Experiments dn animals. — i. Experiment made by Mr. Curtis and Dr. Pearson, of Maryport. Six hedgeboes and four cats were experimented upon ; sometimes an aqueous soTutioffi, and at othen t tincture was used. The tincture was much more powerful,

a, June i8th, 1849. Tinct, Lobel.5iij=gr.xxiisiadniinisteiedtD a hedgehog at 2.30 p.m. ; collapse rapidly came on, and the respirations increased from 16 to 31 per minute. In i h. tremor of the limba wv very evident, and in 3^ h. it struggled as if in great pain. Rcapiratioo continued languid until 5th d., when after 5ij more the animal died at once. P.M. 24 h. after death. Mucous coat of ttomach intcmdj inflamed and corrugated, small intestines inflamed throughout, op^ cially at upper part ; vessels of mesentery enormously djatrndcd, externa] surface of both mesentery and intestines being intensely red ; liver of a sooty tinge in places. ' Gall-bladder empty, urinarf bladder intensely inflamed, not much distended (as in some other caaet). Heart contained black fluid blood ; lungs much engorged, and their pleural surfaces discoloured in patches as if from inflammatiaiL Trachea and bronchi much inflamed ; injection of brain and aieinbnii& In one case the rectum was intensely inflamed, and the other inteatinet much inflamed. An injection {per rectum) had been used bcrCi la others it was noticed that the pyloric end of the stomach wai eapeciaUT inflamed. In all the respiration was much increased in firequency and embarrassed.

b. July 2nd, to a cat, small and "thriveless" in appearance, 5J of infusion =:gr. xv was given by mouth at 1 1 a.m., vomiting follovred io 4 m. Respiration increased to 44 per m. After vomiting had rcucd, another 5J was given, causing vomiting and purging. Doae repeated at I p.m. ; at 2 evident prostration ; urine voided with pain aad difliculty. At 3, a rocking movement was observed in the anteroposterior direction, in paroxysms of 3 m. duration, with short interrali | 9, less collapse, tremors continued. 2nd d., 1 1 a.m., ^ij adminiatcnd and retained. 4 p.m., rigors and rocking in lateral direction, alnMMt incessant. 5.30, lying on side and breathing slowly. Died 34^ b. after ist dose. Much of the fluid was returned by vomiting. Vomttng occurred also (in another cat) when the drug was inserted under tba skin. P.M. — Vessels of mesentery gorged ; peritoneum rocered ud streaked with vessels ; mucous membrane of stomach inflamed, esM* cially along lesser curve and at pylorus ; intestines inflamed, especially ileum, which with jejunum contained black blood ; colon inflamed, no blood, vessels of rectum large and engorged with blood, rectum contained much mucus. Liver pale here and there, rest much injected, extravasation here and there. Substance of kidneys pale, vcMdi injected (surface vessels). Bladder nearly empty, inflamed throughout, especially neck; pericardium contained large quantity of fluid | r, heart contained a small quantity of blood ; J. empty. Lungs BtKged with blood and contained soft nodules ; vessels of brain nearly tnnptv, structure natural. {Lond. Med. Gaz.^ 1850, N. S., xi, 285,)

1. Mr. Procter administered a grain of lobelina (alkaloid of I««) in. solution to a cat. In less than 2 m. it occasioned violent emesis and < much prostration, from which the animal fully recovered in 3 hu

^SS

Again, I gr. in ^'^j of water was introduced into the stomach of a cat hy, means of a tube. Immediate and total prostration was the consequence,^ which in i h. rendered the animal almost motionless j its pupils were much dilated. It gradually recovered its strength, but the effects of the poison were evident for 15 h. afterwards. No emetic or cathartic operation was produced. (Stillk, op, at.)

1. According to the investigations of Olt, L. in moderate doses first increases the blood- pressure by acting as an excitant on the peripheral vaso-motor nervous system. This primary effect is not of long duration, a fall in the blood-pressure soon occurs, the peripheral circu. lation is so embarrassed from weakened power of the heart and obstructed pulmonary circulation that oxygenation of the tissues is rapidly impaired, and a marked reduction of temperature cakes place. (Bartholuw, A/at, Mid. nnd Ther.^ sub voce.)