Baptisia tinctoria

Volume I — Special Symptomatology

(Wild Indigo)

Botanical Description. — This plant is indigenous, growing in most parts of the United States, in dry and poor soils, in woods and on hills. It blooms in July and August, having bright yellow flowers, in small loose clusters at the ends of the branches. It resembles a shrub, and grows from one to two feet high. The fruit is an oblong pod of a bluish black color. It contains indigo, tannin, an acid, and baptisin. When the whole plant or any portion of it is dried, it becomes black and affords a blue dye, inferior to Indigo.

There are thirteen species of the Baptisia in the United States. The most important are the B. tinctoria, B. alba, (with white flowers B. leucantha. (with white flowers.) These grow in the Western States on prairies, etc. and probably possess very similar qualities to the B. tinctoria, but none have been proven but the last named. As the other species may be mistaken for the one in use in our school, the botanical description of the B. tinctoria is here given from Wood:

"Smooth branching, leaves nearly destitute of a stalk, leaflets small, roundish, acute at base, very obtuse at apex; stipules bristly, falling off early; racemes loose, terminal; legumes nearly round. A plant with bluish

green foliage, frequent in dry soils. Stem, very bushy, about two and :ne half feet high. Leaflets about seven lines by four to six long, emarginate; petiole one to two lines long. Flowers six to twelve or more in each raceme. Petals six lines long, yellow. Legume (seed vessel) about as long as a peapod, on a long stipule, mostly one-seeded."

Officinal Preparation. — Tincture of the fresh bark of the root, with strong alcohol.

The B. leucantha is equally active and trustworthy. (Hale.)

Sphere of Action. — It exerts a marked action on the blood and vascular system, the nerves of sensation, and on the intestinal lesions common to typhoid and other low types of fevers. (Hale.)

On the gastric mucous membrane and the great semilunar ganglion of the sympathetic nervous system. (Bayes.)

Analogues. — Bryonia, Agaricus, Kali chloricum, Nitric acid, Rhus to-x., Muriatic acid, Arsenicum, Carbolic acid.

Mental Sphere.

• Restless, uneasy frightful dreams, gloomy and cast down for

several days.

Indisposition and want of power to think; unhappy; mind seems weak.

° The patient imagines he "cannot get himself together," as if the pieces of his body were scattered about. (Bell.)

° Stupefaction and drowsiness in typhoid, a "wild" feeling, with the headache.

Head.

Sharp pains in both temples.

Dull, heavy, pressive headache, very much aggravated by motion.

Dull feeling in occiput, with pain and fullness of the vessels. Yertigo, a confused feeling, or swimming sensation in the head.

• Peculiar feeling of the head, which is never felt except dur

ing the presence of fever, excitement of the brain, such as precedes delirium.

• Headache which precedes and accompanies typhoid fevers. Head feels too large, and too heavy, with numb feeling of head

and face.

Soreness as if in the brain in frontal region, with pain, heat, and vertigo, worse on stooping. (Muriatic acid.)

Great tightness of the skin of the forehead, it feels as if it could be drawn to the back of the head, with pain in right eye, and pressive pain in right temple.

Pressive pain in the forehead, as if it would be pressed in, with sharp pain in both temples, very much aggravated by motion.

Severe pain in occiput, with dull, stupid feeling all over the

head, with sharp pain over the eyes. Brain feels numb with stitches, or shocks in various parts of

the head.

Head feels heavy, as if he could not sit up, day and night, causing a "wild" feeling, aggravated by noise.

Severe frontal headache with severe pressure at the root of the nose.

Burning in the top of the head, with soreness of the scalp.

Head feels very heavy with pain in the occiput.

Stiffness and lameness of the cervical muscles.

Frontal headache with fulness and tightness of the whole head.

Heavy pain at the base of the brain, with lameness and stiffness of the cervical muscles. [The last five symptoms are from a new proving by Dr. Wallace.]

° The peculiar headache preceding and during typhoid and cerebro-spinal fever, also from brain exhaustion.

0 Her head feels as though scattered about, and she tosses about the bed to get the pieces together.

Eyes.

Feeling as if the eyes would be pressed into the head, with great confusion of sight; cannot place anything till after looking at it a few seconds.

Vertigo, with sensation of paralysis of the lids, eyes smart and ache.

Bloated feeling of the eyes; eyes unusually glistening; disposition to have the eyes half closed; soreness in front part of the head upon moving the eyes or turning them upward; soreness of the eyeballs, eyes feel swollen, with burning and slight lachrymation ; congestion of the vessels of the eye, they look red and inflamed.

Eyes feel sore and lame on moving them.

Nose.

Thick mucus discharge from the nose. Severe drawing pains along the nose.

Catarrh, with dull pain at the root of the nose.

Face.

Burning heat of face; face flushed and hot; external vessels of face distended and full; flashes of heat over the face, which feels flushed and very hot; cheeks burn. Ears.

Deafness, or dullness of hearing, * during typhoid. Roaring in the ears, with confusion of the mind.

Mouth, Tongue, etc.

• Profuse flow of saliva, with small vesicles and ulcers in the

mouth.

Tongue feels as if it had been scraped or burnt.

• Tongue coated yellow along the centre, with flat, bitter taste

in the mouth.

• Tongue feels dry on rubbing it against the roof of the

mouth; smarts and feels as if burned. Saliva abundant, viscid, with flat or filthy taste.

• Tongue coated white, with red papillae protuberant, followed

by yellow, brown coating in the centre, the edges red and shining.

Tongue feels swollen, thick, with numbness.

Teeth and gums feel sore, with bloody oozing from gums.

• Great dryness of mouth and tongue, in fevers.

° Chronic mercurial sore mouth, with foetid breath. 0 Stromatis materna, in feeble women, with offensive breath. 0 Ulcerations of the mouth and fauces in diphtheria or smallpox, with foetor. (The Baptisia should be used topically as well as internally. Hale.) Throat.

Sore throat, extending to the posterior nares; the throat feels

sore and contracted. Soreness of the throat, with scraping and burning. Raw sensation in pharynx, with abundant viscid mucus. Constrictive feeling in throat, with frequent desire to swallow. Pricking sensation in upper part of pharynx. Throat feels swollen and full; tonsils and soft palate injected

with pain in root of tongue when swallowing. The dryness of the mouth and tongue extends to the throat.

° Angina, with swelling, but with unusual absence of pain. (Dr. Miner.)

° Diphtheria, with foetid breath, ulcerations of throat, and great prostration.

Stomach.

Much distress in the stomach; severe pains every few moments

in the cardiac region. Dull pain in the epigastric region, frequently recurring, aggra-

\ vated by turning over or walking. Nausea, with eructations, followed by painful vomiting. Disposition to vomit, without nausea.

• " Gone," empty feeling in stomach.

° Dyspepsia, following typhus, with great sinking at stomach,

frequent fainting, and brown tongue in morning. Feeling as if there was a hard substance in stomach. Stitching pain in the cardiac portion of stomach. Nausea, with want of appetite, and constant desire for water

Abdomen.

Constant pain in right hypochondriac region, with sharp, shooting pains in the bowels.

Severe colicky pains in the umbilical and hypochondriac regions, recurring every few seconds, with rumbling and desire for stool.

Pain in abdomen on pressure, with dull aching pain in the lumbar region on going to bed.

• Fullness of the abdomen, with borborygmus and diarrhoea. Pain in the hypogastrium, with soreness of the abdominal

muscles as if from a cold, or from severe coughing.

• Distension of the abdomen, with rumbling, and a feeling as

if it would be a relief to vomit. The small and large intestines filled with bloody mucus.

(pathological appearance in a cat.) ° Abdominal typhus, with ulcerations of Peyers glands.

Liver.

Pain in the right hypochondriac region aggravated by walking; constant dull pain in the region of the gall bladder; the pain extends to the spine.

Soreness in the region of the liver; pain in the liver.

I

c Congestion of the liver during typhoid fever.

Stools and Rectum. In large doses Baptisia is a drastic cathartic. Stools are generally dark, offensive, mucus and bloody Vomiting and diarrhoea, with dark stools. Rumbling in the bowels and desire for stool, with soft papescent stool with much mucus, {p.) Severe constipation and hemorrhoids after the diarrhoea, (s.)

• Frequent, small, offensive, and acrid stools. Dysentery, with offensive, bloody discharges.

0 Dysentery after confinement, with violent colicky pains in the hypogastric region before stool, with great tenesmus; stools pure blood with a little mucus, occurring every five minutes.

0 Dysentery, with bloody, mucus evacuations, tormina, brown

coat on the tongue, with low fever. ° Autumnal dysentery, with tendency to typhoid fevers.

Urinary Organs. Urine dark red and not very copious, with burning during

emission.

Shooting pains in the region of the left kidney

Genital Organs. Menses too soon and too profuse. It is said to produce abortion. 0 Fcetid lochia, with much prostration. 0 Puerperal fever, with typhoid symptoms. ° Threatened abortion in typhoid fever.

Respiratory Organs. Hoarseness even to complete aphonia. Tickling in the throat, provoking a cough. Difficult breathing increased.

Increased compass and frequency of the pulsations of the

heart; pulsations seem to fill the chest. Difficulty of breathing; the lungs feel tight and compressed;

cannot get a full breath.

• Tightness of the chest; feeling of want of power in the

respiratory apparatus, such as is felt during fever. Constriction and oppression of the chest.

Oppressed respiration ; sharp pains in the chest when taking a long breath; throbbing in the heart so as to be distinctly heard.

Awoke with great difficulty of breathing, the lungs feel tight and compressed ; could not get a full breath ; felt obliged to open the window, to get my face to the fresh air.

° Dyspnoea during the low stages of typhoid.

Back.

Dull heavy pain in the lumbar region, very much aggravated by walking.

Back and hips are very stiff and ache severely.

Chills up and down the back as if ague were coming on.

Dull heavy aching in the lumbar region on going to bed at

night; flashes of heat from the small of the back in all

directions.

Upper Extremities.

Stiffness of the joints as if strained, and twitching in the left deltoid, and latissimus dorsi of left side.

Soreness of muscles of neck; muscular debility; feeling of weariness in the right arm and shoulder.

Hands feel too large, and are tremulous with a thrilling sensation as if going to sleep.

Lower Extremities.

Dull drawing pains in right groin and testicle; also in the legs and knee joints.

Burning heat of feet; feeling of pulsation.

Dull pain in the sacrum, extending round the hips and down the right leg.

Extremities feel hot, except the feet, which are cold.

Cramp in the calves when walking.

Aching in the limbs; heat and burning in the lower extremities so intense as to prevent sleep most of the night. Skin.

A general redness, like Erythema, all over the body. ° A hot, pungent, but moist skin (in typhoid fever). ° Intense heat of the skin, which may be dry or moist.

Sleep.

Heavy sleep, with feverish feeling on waking.

Sleeps well till two a. m., then very restless till morning. Very restless sleep, with frightful dreams. Dreams of being bound down with a chain across his mouth. Cannot sleep after midnight.

Fever.

Feeling of greatly increased compass and frequency of the

pulsations of the heart. Pulsations of the heart seem to fill the chest. The pulse (usually seventy) is ninety, full and soft. Uncomfortable heat of the whole surface, especially the face.

• The feverish heat, at night, compelled him to move to a cool

part of the bed, and finally to rise and open a window, and bathe his face and hands. With these symptoms there was a peculiar feeling in the head, which is never felt except during the presence of fever — a sort of excitement of the brain, which is the preliminary, or rather the beginning, of delirium. Chilly sensations over the back and lower limbs.

• Burning sensation over the whole body, followed by perspiration, vomiting and diarrhoea of dark stools, debility,

and slow, round, full pulse. Thirst, and flashes of heat over the face. General heat after going to bed.

• Heat and burning in the lower extremities so intense as to

prevent sleep.

• Chill all day, with fever at night; rheumatic pains and soreness all over the body/ mouth and tongue very dry.

• Feverishness, with feeling all over as if bruised/ the parts

on which he is lying soon ache, and feel sore and bruised. ° Typhoid fever, in the premonitory stage of bilious, gastric,

or catarrhal origin — or from impure exhalations — it will

often prevent the access of the fever. {Hughes. Hale.) ° Typhoid fever in the first stages; it will often arrest the

disease, and bring about a rapid convalescence. {Hale.) ° Typhus fever, with heavy sleep, unconsciousness, delirious

muttering, etc.

0 Fevers, with drowsiness; pulse one hundred and twenty, and thready; lips parched and cracked; pasty tongue, heavily

coated; great thirst; mind wandering; could not give a direct answer to any question; falls asleep in the middle of a sentence; delirious at night, and low muttering. {Dr. C. C. Smith.)

Gastric fevers, with nausea, vomiting, dry, baked tongue, rapid pulse, tenderness of the abdomen, diarrhoea. (J. Harmer Smith.)

° Scarlet fever, with dark-red eruption; dry, brown tongue, inclined to be red in the centre; foetid breath; stupor; fever; dysenteric stools. {Hale.)

' Catarrhal fever, or influenza, when the prostration is excessive, and the sore, bruised pains and sensations predominate. {Hale.)

° Bilious fevers; gastric fevers / enteric fevers; septic fevers.

0 Fevers setting in during dysentery, or any intestinal affection, and assuming a low type. {Hale.)

° Puerperal fevers, from absorption of purulent matters, or from infection.

° Cerebrospinal, or "spotted fever." {Dr. W. S. Searle.) Nervous System.

The hands felt large, and were tremulous, with a peculiar thrilling sensation through both hands and feet, somewhat like going to sleep — a want of circulation.

Intolerance of pressure on any part of the body — it caused soreness.

Numb sensations all over the body. Sensation of paralysis of the eyelids.

Numbness and prickling, followed by temporary paralysis of

the left side of the body. The left hand and arm entirely numb and powerless. Prickling1 numb sensations in the extremities, with burning

and prickling of left side of face and head.

Generalities.

• Feels weak and tremulous, as though recovering from a fit of sickness.

Incapable of making any vigorous mental or physical exertion. An indescribable sick feeling all over, with great languor. Stiffness of all the joints, as though strained.

• A sensation all over the body as if bruised 01 beaten.

Very great prostration of the whole system.

Lying in one position for a few moments, or upon the back, caused the sacral region to become exceedingly painful, as though I had lain on a hard floor all night, and induced the conviction that a short continuance of the same position would cause bedsore; when turning on the other side, the same sensation was produced on the hips. {Dr. J. S. Douglas.)

It prevents too rapid metamorphosis of tissues during illnesses, or from too long sustained mental and physical exertions.

Volume II — Special Therapeutics

and can see no difference in medicinal effects and but little in smell or taste. All the above grow in the Northern States. In the Southern States some very large species grow, which ought to be equally if not more potent.

Although this remedy covers many grave and important morbid conditions, it has not a very wide range of action. It seems to affect principally the blood , impairing its integrity, the nervous system, which it deprives of its normal tonicity, and the mucous surface, which under its influence ulcerates and takes on inflammatory action, with a decided tendency to unhealthy, fetid discharge.

It was first used empirically in typhoid and typhus fever, in which its popularity is still very wide ,and well deserved. It was for a time supposed that its use was called for in all stages of the malady, but more recent observations seem to prove that its period of greatest usefulness is during the premonitory and first stage of all fevers of an adynamic type.

The testimony is too large and authoritative to be set aside that it possesses a real abortive or preventive power over such fevers, if given at the proper time. Numerous observations and experiments, both in England and this country, have shown conclusively that if prescribed for the following characteristic conditions and symptoms it will arrest the disease which, but for its influence, would end in the typhoid state :

A condition of great prostration, when typhous epidemics abound, at any season of the year.

General malaise, with a feeling as if one had been bruised all over; cannot lie on either side long because the part on which he is lying becomes sore ; pressure on any part of the body soon causes soreness.

The extremities feel too large, tremulous, with “thrilling” sensations in them.

General fetid odor from the body, the breath, and all the excretions.

General heat, with very dry, red, or brown, parched tongue, and dry throat.

Head heavy, confused, internally sore, with a feeling like that preceding delirium. “An illusion, as if he was several persons,

and he tries to get himself together.” (Bell.) Stupor, incoherent raving.

The Baptisia is infinitely superior to Aconite, Gelserninum, or Verat. viride in all fevers having a typhoid tendency, while it is nearly useless in the so-called “synochal” fever. The condition is one of erethism rather than inflammation, the pulse rarely goes above 100, and the skin is not as hot and dry as in true febrile conditions.

The lowest dilutions, or mother tincture, have generally been most successful in the treatment of typhoids. I prefer the tincture made from the fresh root, one part to nine of alcohol, by weight. Ten or fifteen drops of this preparation in four ounces of water, a spoonful every one, two, or three hours, until a decidedly favorable change occurs or the symptoms call for Bryonia, Rhus, Arsenicum, Phosphoric acid, or Terebinth.

Not only in the beginning of typhoid fever is the Baptisia indicated, but in all similar conditions, whether occurring idiopathically or during the progress of any other disease. For example: If, during the progress of scarlatina, small-pox, pneumonia, bilious fever, dysentery, or puerperal fever, the above symptoms, characteristic of this remedy, appear, a few doses will generally dissipate them, and either restore the patient to convalescence or allow the original disease to pursue its normal course.

Its action on the cerebro-spinal nervous system is of such a depressing character that it led me to suggest it as a probable remedy for “spotted fever” as far back as 1864. Recent observations of its good effects in cerebro-spinal meningitis, by Dr. Searle and others, as well as myself, have proven that in the typhoid variety of the disease it is nearly a specific. It is useful when a condition of general paralysis threatens, the excretions all become offensive, and the blood rapidly tends to disorganization. It may have to be alternated with Gelseminum, Secale, or Calabar, as it rarely succeeds alone in averting that terrible malady.

Taking the one symptom, “ putrid odor of the discharges, with dark red or ulcerated mucous membrane,” I have used it extensively in chronic sore mouth , whether mercurial or cachectic, in malignant dysentery or diarrhoea, offensive leucorrhoea or lochia, and even offensive ulcers on the skin. I prescribe it as a topical application as well as internally. It appears to resemble, in its topical effect, Chlorate of potassa and Carbolic acid. In putrid angina and diphtheria it aids the action of Ars. iod., Pliyto., and Merc, cyanate. One drachm of the tincture to four ounces of water makes an efficient gargle in such cases.

One peculiar symptom indicates Baptisia in some sore throats. The throat may look dark purple, livid, and as if very painful, but it is not. Dr. Miner cured an inveterate sore throat which was not painful (with the 30th).

There are two gastric symptoms of Baptisia which are worthy of notice, namely :

(1.) “ Gone, empty feeling at the stomach.”

This symptom is readily removed by Baptisia when it is the result of anxiety, grief, night-watching, or fasting, provided the breath is fetid and the tongue dry. If not, then Ignatia or Caladium

is more appropriate. Dr. - reports a case of “ dyspepsia after

typhus,” presenting “sinking at the stomach, frequent fainting, brown, dry tongue,” etc., cured promptly by Baptisia.

(2.) “Nausea, with want of appetite, and constant desire for water.”

In the beginning of fever this is often a prominent symptom, and may be removed, with all of its concomitants, by this remedy.

The abdominal symptoms are not peculiar, but Dr. Hart reports a case which he believes to be abdominal neuralgia, which he cured with Baptisia. The symptoms were : “ Extreme uneasiness rather than pain ; a sensation as of something crawling about in the abdomen. The paroxysms occurred after midnight, with throbbing and congestion of the bowels, vomiting, purging, and great prostration. The pulse, at first accelerated, became slow, weak, and often imperceptible.”

My experience with Baptisia in bowel affections leads me to esteem it highly in all cases of adynamic or typhoid diarrhoea and dysentery , when dependent on an epidemic typhoid miasm, or the result of local septic conditions. If the miasm be malarial (ague poison) it is of small value as compared with Arsenicum, China, Eucalyptus, or Gelseminum.

The evacuations indicating Baptisia are usually dark, black, or brown, watery, murky, slimy, bloody, and always particularly

offensive. If, with these appearances, you find a dry tongue, fetid breath, sinking at the stomach, and other characteristic symptoms of this medicine, it will prove a prompt remedy. I prefer the lx or 2X dilution.

It has rarely been recommended in diseases of the urinary and genital organs, but there is one condition in which it is specific, namely, in threatened miscarriage from mental depression, shock of bad news, watching and fasting, or from low fever. I have often prevented miscarriage by its timely use. In case of death of the foetus in utero, the mother often falls into a condition in which the “ dreadful sinking at the stomach,” fetid breath, dry, brown tongue, and great prostration, with or without fetid vaginal discharge, are the prominent symptoms. Here the Baptisia acts well, preventing blood-poisoning, and aiding Caulophyllum or Ergot in expelling the decaying substance.

As an important addenda to my lecture on Baptisia I will give the following excellent comparisons of that drug with Rhus, Arnica, and Muriatic acid, by Dr. E. A. Farrington, of Philadelphia :

BAPTISIA.

Anxious, certain of death.

Delirium constant, low ; thinks her head is scattered over the bed, and that she must toss about to get the pieces togethei'.

While answering a question, goes to sleep.

Mentally restless, yet too lifeless to move; confused as if drunk.

Feels as if the top of the head would fly

off.

Expression besotted ; cheeks yellow, with a deep central flush.

Teeth covered with sordes ; mouth full of ulcers, fetid breath, aphthae.

Jaws rigid ; pain.

Tongue white, dry, yellow centre (early stages typhus).

Tongue dry, dark red, shining, cracked, ulcerated ; or, dry, with a brown streak down the centre, edges clean, red.

Saliva viscid, thick.

RHUS TOX.

Faint, timid, fear of death.

Delirium mild, low ; thinks that he is roaming over fields, swimming, or engaged in some other physical work.

Answers correctly, but in a hasty manner.

Mentally restless ; slow flow of ideas ; better moving.

Feels as if a board were bound across the forehead.

Expression listless; or anxious appearance ; cheeks dark red.

Teeth and mouth covered with thick, hard, brown mucus ; vesicles.

Jaws crack; feel stiff

Tongue white on one side, dry (early stages typhus).

Tongue dry, hard as a board, hardened, dirty phlegm; or, red triangular tip, cracked, shows imprints of teeth.

Saliva bloody, runs out in sleep.

Dry mouth, great thirst ; spits out the liquid put into his mouth.

Uvula long ; mucus in the throat, cannot raise or swallow it; can only swallow liquids. Putrid, painless, dark ulcers.*

Stool yellow, involuntary, horribly fetid ; sour belchings.

Dysentery, great tenesmus with discharge of pure blood, no mucus.

Urine alkaline, offensive, dark red.

Cannot draw a full breath, gasping; tightness across the chest.

Heart throbs audibly ; seems to fill the chest.

Pulse full, whether hard, slow, or quick ; variable, threadlike.

Cannot lie long anywhere ; yet motion is painful.

Must change position, the bed feels so hard.

Feels as if sinking away ; lies with the head thrown back; jaw dropped; sliding down in bed ; putrid breath.

RHUS TOX.

Dry mouth, unquenchable thirst ; repugnance to either food or drink.

Throat sore as if strained ; swallowing difficult from paralyzed epiglottis, oesophagitis, cannot swallow solid food.

Stool yellow, slimy, involuntary at night, almost no fetor; empty belchings.

Dysentery, tenesmus, discharge of transparent lumps of mucus.

Urine albuminous; involuntary at night.

Difficult breathing referred to the lower chest and pit of stomach.

Heart beats feebly ; trembling about the heart.

Pulse small, weak and quick, weak and small, threadlike.

Cannot remain quiet ; motion of the limbs improves ,f

Must change to relieve the pains in the limbs.

Feels as if paralysis were coming on ; mouth open ; lies as if intoxicated ; involuntary stool and urine.J

• The painlessness may decide for Baptisia not. only in typhus, but in scarlatina, putrid sore throat, etc., when the suspicious odor and general weakness offer a dangerous reason for the absence of pain. The ability to swallow only liquids distinguishes it from Lach., Apis, Canth. Rhus tox. has not so marked a tendency towards putrid ulcers. In oesophageal spasm both can only swallow liquids; but with Baptisia solids simply cause gagging; with Rhus vomiting.

f Rhus, in the beginning of typhus during profound weakness, has an exceptional symptom : wants to lie still in one spot.

J It would be premature to characterize Baptisia while so imperfectly proved. But in general it shows a heavy besotted face ; fetid breath, stool, and urine ; dyspnoea from weakness ; in the beginning, nervous restlessness. Rhus shows a bland expression, pale waxy skin ; hepatization of lower lobes (hence dyspnoea is referred to the stomach and hypochondria) ; in the beginning, erethism (hence the nose bleeds, which relieves).

Anxious, certain of death.

Falls asleep in the midst of his answer.

Lies with head thrown back, lower jaw dropped ; slides down in bed.

Vertigo, worse stooping.

Gasping ; breathing as if he could not draw a long breath.

Can swallow only liquids ; spits out the water taken.

Stool involuntary, fetid.

Pulse full and slow ; variable.

Nervous symptoms predominant.

BAPTISIA.

Goes to sleep while ansicering.

Delirium ; cannot sleep, because she must toss about to get the pieces of her head together.

Soreness as if in the frontal brain ; wild feeling.

Senses generally blunt; besotted, heavy expression.

Dull hearing during and after typhus.

Cheeks dark red, yellow ground.

Aphthae putrid, dark, ulcerating; thick, viscid saliva.

Tongue dry, brown down the centre; feels numb or scalded.

Goneness ; sinking at the stomach.

Stool involuntary, putrid; occasional diarrhoea or costive (beginning).

Urine offensive, alkaline.

Heart-beats seem to fill the chest.

Pulse full and slow; variable; threadlike.

Slides down in bed ; lower jaw dropped ; putrid breath.

ARNICA.*

Indifference.

Falls asleep, forgetting the words for his answer.

Lies quiet, no complaints ; says he is well ; lower lip trembles.

Vertigo raising the head.

Loud, blowing inspiration and expiration in sleep.

Pharynx seems “lame;” a gurgling noise when swallowing.

Stool and urine involuntary.

Pulse frequent, sunken.

Stupefaction from the very beginning.

MURIATIC ACID.

Forgets what he has said.

Delirium ; would sleep but cannot ; vivid hallucinations of changing images from past to present.

Brain feels sore, as if it was torn or had been beaten.

Senses generally too acute ; distant talking gives headache.

Dull hearing, with dryness of ears, or dark wax.

Circumscribed glowing red cheeks.

Aphthce putrid, small, bluish, deep.

Tongue small, bluish or rattling like lea ther; heavy, as if paralyzed.

Emptiness all over the abdomen.

Involuntary while urinating; putrid; during crisis, papescent stool relieves.

Urine acid ; difficult to expel.

Heart-beats seem to be felt in the face.

Pulse irritated, but without energy ; omits every third beat.

Slides down in bed; lower jaw hanging ; moaning.

• Arnica has but little resemblance in the beginning of typhus ; but when stupor and petechise appear we find in common such symptoms as : must move, the bed feels so hard ; brown tongue ; putrid breath ; goes to sleep while answering, stupid, heavy look, etc.

Scarlatina with dark, fetid ulcers in the throat; great prostration ; petechia1 ; stupor.

Stupor resembling that of Arnica and Opium.

MURIATIC ACID.

Scarlatina with blue feet; dark bluish fauces ; scanty eruption ; sudden red face; petechice; stupor.

Stupor and nervous weakness after Rhus and Bry. fail.